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HW: Ch 11B VOCAB & V
Due: Thu Mar 26, 2026 11:59pm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aerobic | requires oxygen to live |
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| anaerobic | does not require oxygen to live |
| antibiotic | medications capable of inhibiting the growth of or destroying microorganisms |
| antibodies | protective proteins that combat pathogens |
| antiseptics | chemical agents that are antiseptics are only bacteriostatic |
| asepsis (aseptic technique) | involves methods used to make the patient, the worker, and the environment as pathogen-free as possible |
| bacteria | one celled organisms and can be either pathogenic or nonpathogenic. many produce toxins. |
| If the method results in the microorganisms being killed, the action is - | bactericidal |
| If the method used only inhibits the growth of the microorganism, the action is described as | bacteriostatic |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ CDC | a government agency that is part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
| chain of infection | is a useful model for explaining how infectious diseases occur and are transmitted |
| communicable disease | contagious or vaccinations are allowed to enter the room |
| contaminated | contains infectious material with sewage waste, food washed in contaminated water or handled by unwashed hands, bird and animal feces, and insect bites |
| disinfectants | agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and viruses |
| epidemics | widespread occurrences of infectious diseases |
| fungi | a large group of organisms that are neither plant nor animal |
| germ theory | specific microscopic organisms (germs) are the cause of specific diseases |
| hepatitis B | The major infectious blood-borne occupational hazard for health care professionals. when liver tries to destory, it becomes inflamed. EX: jaundice, dark urine, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, joint pain, rash and fever. |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| Individuals infected with the virus are said to be | HIV positive |
| hosts | Some organisms derive nutrients for growth and reproduction from nonliving material and others from living organisms |
| immune response | which is a specific defense used by the body to fight infection and disease by producing antibodies |
| infection control | the main goal of which is to prevent the spread of infectious diseases |
| infectious disease | any disease cause by the growth of pathogens |
| medical asepsis (clean technique) | includes procedures to decrease the number and spread of pathogens in the environment |
| microbes | pathogenic microorganisms. plant and animal microbes are classified as bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsia, and protozoa |
| microorganisms | are very small, usually one-celled, living plants or animals |
| microscope | (an instrument fitted with a powerful magnifying lens) |
| neutropenic precautions | the procedures followed are meant to protect the patient from infections brought in by people or other sources, rather than protecting the health care professional and visitors from patient infections, or reverse isolation. |
| normal flora | many commonly reside in a particular environment on or in the body. EX: The skin, vagina, and intestines |
| nosocomial infection | refers to an infection that occurs while a patient is receiving health care (also referred to as healthcare associated infection) |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | a government agency under the U.S. Department of Labor |
| opportunistic infection | when an infection occurs due to the weakened physiological state of the body |
| pandemics | in which diseases spread over a vast area |
| parasite | an organism that nourishes itself at the expense of other living things and causes them damage |
| pathogens | disease causing microorganisms in the body |
| protozoa | the only microorganisms that are classified as animals |
| rickettsia | much smaller than bacteria and have rod or spherical shapes |
| spore | a thick capsule that the bacterium creates for self-protection |
| standard precautions | it is essential that they be followed at all times and applied to every patient in healthcare environment. Must be followed to prevent contact with potentially infectious body fluids: blood, all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat. |
| sterile fields | areas designated to be free of microorganisms |
| sterilization | agents or methods that totally destroy all microorganisms including viruses and spores. EX: chemical agents, gas, radiation, and dry or moist heat under pressure. |
| surgical asepsis | includes procedures to completely eliminate the presence of pathogens from objects and areas |
| transmission-based precautions | recommended for patients who are documented as or suspected to be infected with these pathogens |
| tuberculosis | caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, an airborne pathogen |
| virus | smallest of the microbes and cannot be seen under the traditional light microscope |
| 3. Discuss 2 examples from the video where the chain of infection could be "broken." | resevoir |
| 3. Discuss 2 examples from the video where the chain of infection could be "broken." | portal of exit |
| 2. Explain what is meant by the "Chain of Infection" that is discussed in the video. | Chain of Infection is designed to help not only you but the patient as well from getting in trouble and also preventing anything from happening, whether it be catching something or cross contamination if PPE is not associated. |
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