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HW CH 11B VOCAB
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aerobic | require oxygen to live |
| AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| anaerobic | do not require oxygen to live |
| antibiotic | medications capable of inhibiting growth of or destroying microorganisms |
| antibodies | protective proteins that combat pathogens |
| antiseptics | chemical agents that are antiseptics are only bacteriostatic they are mild enough to be used on the skin |
| asepsis (aseptic technique) | involves methods used to make the patient the worker and the environment as pathogen free as possible |
| bacteria | one celled organisms can be either pathogenic or nonpathogenic |
| bactericidal | if the method results in the microorganism being killed also called germicidal |
| bacteriostatic | if the method used only inhibits the growth of the microorganism |
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | government agency that is part of the US department of health and human services |
| chain of infection | useful model for explaining how infectious diseases occur and are transmitted |
| communicable disease | a contagious disease or vaccinations are allowed to enter the room |
| contaminated | contains infectious material |
| disinfectants | agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and viruses |
| epidemics | widespread occurrences of infectious diseases |
| fungi (pl. of fungus) | a large group of organisms that are neither plant nor animal |
| germ theory | the bacteria cause specific diseases |
| hepatitis B | virus infection (HBV) is the major infectious blood-borne occupational hazard for health care professional |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HIV positive | the individuals infected with the virus |
| hosts | some microorganisms derive nutrients for growth or reproduction from nonliving material and others from living organisms |
| immune response | a specific defense used by the body to fight infection and disease by producing antibodies |
| infection control | the main goal of which is to prevent the spread of infectious diseases |
| infectious disease | any disease caused by the growth of pathogens |
| medical asepsis (clean technique) | procedures to decrease the number and spread of pathogens in the environment |
| microbes | pathogenic microorganisms |
| microorganisms | very small usually one celled living plants or animals |
| microscope | an instrument fitted with a powerful magnifying lens |
| neutropenic precautions | the procedure followed are meant to protect the patient from infections brought i by people or other sources rather than protecting the health care professional and visitors from patient infections also called reverse isolations |
| normal Flora | not all microorganisms are harmful many commonly reside in a particular environment on or in the body |
| nosocomial infection | an infection that occurs while a patient is receiving health care also called health care associated infection (HAI) |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | a government agency under the US department of labor |
| opportunistic infection | when an infection occurs due to the weakened physiological state of the body |
| pandemics | diseases spread over a vast area |
| parasite | an organism that nourishes itself at the expense of other living things and causes them damage |
| pathogens | disease-causing microorganisms (germs) |
| Protozoa | the only microorganisms that are classified as animals |
| Rickettsia | much smaller than bacteria and have rod or spherical shape |
| spore | a thick capsule that the bacterium creates for self-protection |
| standard precautions | specific procedures have been developed by the CDC in which it is impossible to know which pathogens a patient may carry |
| sterile fields | areas designated to be free of microorganisms |
| sterilization | agents or methods that totally destroy all microorganisms including viruses and spores |
| surgical asepsis (sterile technique) | procedures to completely eliminate the presence of pathogens from objects and areas |
| transmission-based precautions | patients are documented as or suspected to be infected with these pathogens a specific precaution for each type of transmission |
| tuberculosis (TB) | caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis an airborne pathogen |
| virus | the smallest of microbes and cannot be seen under the traditional light microscope |
| chain of infection | causative agent |
| chain of incetion | reservoir |
| chain of infection | portal of exit |
| chain of infection | mode of transmission |
| chain of infection | portal of entry |
| chain of infection | susceptible host |
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