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Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Decibels | units of relative loudness sound |
| adventitiously deaf | those who acquire deafness at some time after birth |
| congenitally deaf | people who are born deaf |
| Pre lingual deafness | deafness that occurs at birth or early in life before speech and language develop |
| Post lingual deafness | deafness that occurs after the development of speech and language |
| Tympanic membrane (eardrum) | boundary between the outer and middle ears |
| auricle | part of the ear that protrudes from the side of your head |
| ossicles | very tiny bones |
| malleus | hammer |
| incus | anvil |
| stapes | stirrups |
| oval window | which link between the middle and inner ears |
| vestibular mechanism | upper ear, responsible for balance |
| cochlea | snail-shaped, responsible for converting mechanical action to electrical signal in the inner ear |
| otoacoustic emissions | sounds admitted by cochlea |
| audiologist | a person who studies sound and hearing |
| Pure-tone audiometry | establishes the individual's threshold for hearing at a variety of frequencies |
| Hertz (Hz) | volume measurement unit |
| audiometric zero | sero decibel level |
| speech audiometry | test a person's detection and understanding of speech |
| speech-reception threshold (SRT) | decibel level at which one can understand speech |
| conductive hearing impairment | interference with the transfer of sound along the conductive pathway of the middle or outer ear |
| sensorineural hearing impairment | problems with inner ear |
| mixed hearing impairment | combination of conductive and sensorineural |
| external otitis | swimmers ear |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear space |
| connexion-26 gene | most common cause of congenital deafness |
| Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) | herpes virus, most common non genetic cause of deafness in infants |
| sign language | and language lead through a persons hands |
| virto fertilization | a procedure that is used to help infertile couples, whereby egg cells from the mother are fertilized in the laboratory and then placed in the woman's uterus |
| oralism-manualism debate | oralism vs manuals to teach deaf people to speak |
| total communication/ stimultaneous communication | A way of communicating that uses multiple methods at the same time—like speaking, signing, gestures, facial expressions, and visuals—to help someone better understand and express language. |
| bicultural-bilingual approach | promotes ASL as first language and supports instruction in deaf culture |
| Auditory-verbal approach | using audition to improve speech and language development |
| auditory-oral approach | stresses visual cues |
| speachreading | teaching children to use visual information to understand what is being said to them |
| Cued speech | way of augmenting speech reading |
| homophenes | different sounds that are visually identical when spoken |
| signing English systems | produced to communicate with deaf people |
| Fingerspelling | representation of the letters if the English alphabet by finger positions |
| Text telephones (TT) | types out a verbal message from the caller |
| Video relay service (VRS) | video recording of signed words that play within a conversation |
| Transliteration | similar to signed English, maintains the same word order as spoken english |
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