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Ch 11B HC
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| infection control | to prevent the spread of infectious diseases |
| infectious disease | any disease caused by the growth of pathogens |
| pathogens | diseases causing microorganisms (germ) |
| epidemics | widespread occurrences of infectious diseases |
| pandemics | diseases spread over vast area |
| nosocomial infection | an infection that occurs while a patient receiving health care |
| CDC | government agency that formulates safety guidelines to help prevent and control the spread of infectious disease |
| OSHA | establish health and safety standards for the workplace and enforce those standards |
| microorganisms | small living plants or animals |
| microscope | instrument fitted with a powerful magnifying lens |
| normal flora | microorganisms that reside in a particular environment on or in the body and protect it |
| immune response | specific defense used by the body to fight infections and disease by producing antibodies |
| antibodies | protective proteins that combat pathogens |
| antibiotics | medications capable of inhibiting the growth of or destroying microorganisms |
| opportunistic infection | infection that occurs when the body is in a weakened state |
| aerobic | require oxygen to live |
| anaerobic | do not require oxygen to live |
| hosts | microorganisms derive nutrients for growth and reproduction from hosts |
| parasite | an organism that nourishes itself at the expense of other living things and causes them damage |
| microbes | pathogenic microorganisms |
| bacteria | one celled organisms, pathogenic or nonpathogenic |
| germ theory | bacteria cause specific diseases |
| spore | thick capsule that the bacterium creates for self-protection |
| virus | smalls of the microbes and cannot be seen under the traditional light microscope |
| fungi | large group of organisms that are neither plant nor animal |
| rickettsia | smaller than bacteria and have rod or spherical sshapes |
| protozoa | classified as animals, consisting of one cell |
| contaminated | contains infectious material |
| chain of infection | model for explaining how infectious diseases occur and are transmitted |
| asepsis | make the patient, worker, and environment as pathogen free as possile |
| medical asepsis | procedures to decrease the number and spread of pathogens in the environment |
| surgical asepsis | procedures to completely eliminate the presence of pathogens from objects and areas |
| sterile fields | designated to be free of microorganisms |
| bacteriostatic | inhibits the growth of bacteria |
| bactericidal | kills bacteria |
| antiseptics | chemical agents that are antiseptics are only bacteriostatic |
| standard precautions | specific procedures have been developed by the CDC |
| transmission based precautionss | specific precautions for each type of transmition |
| neutropenicprecaution | procedures meant to protect the patient from infections brought in from people or other sources |
| communicable | catching |
| hepatitis B | inflammation and destruction of the liver |
| HIV | causes AIDS |
| AIDS | destroys cells in the host that are vital to the proper functioning of the immune system |
| tuberculosis | caused Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an airborne pathogen, |
| HIV positive | individuals infected with HIV |
| disinfectants | agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and viruses |
| sterilization | agents or methods that totally destroy all microorganisms |
Created by:
tuckerea