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Energy Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
What is energy? Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.
What is potential energy? Potential energy is stored energy based on an object’s position, condition, or composition.
What are three types of potential energy?  Gravitational potential energy: energy due to height  Elastic potential energy: energy from stretching or compressing  Chemical potential energy: energy stored in chemical bonds
What is kinetic energy? Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state? Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or changed from one form to another.
What is mechanical energy? Mechanical energy is the total of kinetic and potential energy.
What is radiant energy? Radiant energy is energy that travels as light waves (electromagnetic waves).
What is sound energy? Sound energy is energy from vibrations traveling through matter.
What is electrical energy? Electrical energy is energy from moving electrons.
What is thermal energy? Thermal energy is heat energy related to temperature.
What is chemical energy? Chemical energy is energy stored in chemical bonds.
What is nuclear energy? Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.
What unit is energy measured in? Energy is measured in joules (J).
What unit is power measured in? Power is measured in watts (W).
What device measures energy in food? A calorimeter measures the energy (calories) in food.
One small calorie equals how many joules? 1 calorie = 4.184 joules.
Where does a pendulum have maximum potential energy? At the highest point (top).
Where does a pendulum have maximum kinetic energy? At the lowest point (bottom).
Where are potential and kinetic energy equal in a pendulum? At the middle point of the swing.
When a chemical bond is broken, is energy released or absorbed? Energy is absorbed.
What is an endothermic reaction? A reaction that absorbs energy.
What is an exothermic reaction? A reaction that releases energy.
What type of reaction is combustion? Combustion is an exothermic reaction.
What is activation energy? Activation energy is the minimum energy needed to start a reaction.
How can you tell if a reaction is exothermic? Energy (heat/light) is released.
How can you tell if a reaction is endothermic? Energy is absorbed.
What is the formula for work? Work = Force × Distance
What is the formula for power? Power = Work ÷ Time
A motor lifts a 200 N object 100 m. What force is used? 200 N
How much work is done? Work = 200 × 100 = 20,000 J
If it takes 196 seconds, what is the power? Power = 20,000 ÷ 196 ≈ 102 W
Is moving energy kinetic or potential? Kinetic
Is stored energy kinetic or potential? Potential
Can energy be destroyed? No
What happens to energy in a system? It changes forms or transfers
Created by: yehiazeidan11
 

 



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