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UNIT 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solar system | is a gravitationally bound system consisting of the Sun and all objects that orbit it, including planets, moons, dwarf planets, asteroids, comets, and interplanetary dust. |
| heliocentric | having or representing the sun as the centre, as in the accepted astronomical model of the solar system. |
| geocentric | having or representing the earth as the centre, as in former astronomical systems. |
| parallax | the effect whereby the position or direction of an object appears to differ when viewed from different positions, e.g. through the viewfinder and the lens of a camera: |
| gravity | the force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth, or towards any other physical body having mass. |
| orbit | the curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft round a star, planet, or moon, especially a periodic elliptical revolution: |
| aphelion | the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun. |
| perihelion | the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is closest to the sun. |
| centripetal force | is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, always directed toward the center of the circle. |
| solar nebula | is a gaseous cloud from which the Sun and planets formed, according to the nebular hypothesis of the solar system's origin |
| planetesimal | is a small celestial body, typically larger than 1 kilometer, that forms in the early stages of a planetary system and serves as a building block for planets. |
| nuclear fusion | is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a large amount of energy. |
| sunspot | is a dark area on the Sun's surface that is cooler than the surrounding areas, caused by intense magnetic activity. |
| solar flare | is a sudden, intense burst of electromagnetic radiation from the Sun caused by the release of magnetic energy near sunspots. |
| prominence | the state of being important, famous, or noticeable: |
| terrestrial planet | are rocky planets that have solid surfaces and are primarily composed of silicate rocks and metals. In our solar system, the terrestrial planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars |
| astronomical unit | is defined as the average distance between earth and the sun |
| gas giant | is a massive planet primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, with no well-defined solid surface, exemplified by Jupiter and Saturn. |
| planetary ring | is a disklike aggregation of particles and larger objects that orbit a planet's equator, commonly found around gas giants like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. |
| dwarf planet | is a celestial body that orbits the Sun, is nearly round in shape due to its own gravity, but has not cleared its orbital path of other debris. |
| Kuiper Belt | is a vast, doughnut-shaped region of icy bodies beyond Neptune, containing dwarf planets, comets, and remnants from the early Solar System. |
| Kuiper Belt object | are small icy bodies located in the Kuiper Belt, a region of the outer solar system beyond the orbit of Neptune, and they are remnants from the early solar system. |
| comet | a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a ‘tail’ of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun. |
| Oort cloud | is a theoretical, vast, spherical shell of icy bodies surrounding the Solar System, believed to be the source of long-period comets. |
| asteroid | a small rocky body orbiting the sun. Large numbers of these, ranging enormously in size, are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, though some have more eccentric orbits. |
| meteoroid | a small body moving in the solar system that would become a meteor if it entered the earth's atmosphere. |
| meteor | a small body of matter from outer space that enters the earth's atmosphere, becoming incandescent as a result of friction and appearing as a streak of light: |
| meteorite | a piece of rock or metal that has fallen to the earth's surface from outer space as a meteor. Over 90 per cent of meteorites are of rock while the remainder consist wholly or partly of iron and nickel: |
Created by:
Allanhernandez