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Ch. 11

Learners Who Are Deaf or Head of Hearing

TermDefinition
Adventitiously Deaf Deafness that happens after a person has already learned to hear and speak.
Audiologist A professional who tests hearing and treats hearing problems.
Audiometric Zero The softest sound a person with normal hearing can hear.
Auditory-Oral Approach Teaching deaf or hard-of-hearing kids to use speech and lip reading.
Auditory-Verbal Approach Focuses on teaching listening and speaking without relying on lip reading or sign language.
Auricle The visible part of the ear outside the head.
Bicultural-Bilingual Approach Teaching kids both sign language and the culture of the deaf community while learning spoken/written language.
Cochlea The spiral-shaped part of the inner ear that turns sound into nerve signals.
Conductive Hearing Impairment Hearing loss caused by problems in the outer or middle ear.
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) A virus babies can get before birth that can cause hearing loss.
Congenitally Deaf Being born deaf.
Connexin-26 Gene A gene that, when mutated, is a common cause of inherited deafness.
Cued Speech Hand cues used with speech to make sounds clearer for lip reading.
External Otitis Infection of the outer ear canal, often called “swimmer’s ear.”
Fingerspelling Using hand shapes to spell words, usually in sign language.
Homophenes Words or sounds that look the same on the lips but sound different.
In Vitro Fertilization A medical procedure to help with conception outside the body.
Incus A tiny middle-ear bone (an ossicle) that helps transmit sound.
Malleus Another middle-ear bone that helps move sound to the inner ear.
Mixed Hearing Impairment Hearing loss caused by problems in both the outer/middle ear and the inner ear.
Oralism-Manualism Debate Debate about teaching deaf kids mainly speech/lip reading (oralism) vs. sign language (manualism).
Ossicles The three tiny bones in the middle ear (malleus, incus, stapes).
Otitis Media Infection of the middle ear, common in kids.
Otoacoustic Emissions Sounds the inner ear makes that can be measured to check hearing.
Oval Window Membrane in the inner ear that passes vibrations from middle ear to cochlea.
Postlingual Deafness Deafness that happens after learning language.
Prelingual Deafness Deafness that happens before learning language.
Pure-Tone Audiometry Hearing test using different tones to check hearing levels.
Sensorineural Hearing Impairment Hearing loss caused by inner ear or auditory nerve problems.
Sign Language A visual language using hand shapes, gestures, and facial expressions.
Signing English Systems Ways of using signs to represent English grammar and words.
Simultaneous Communication Using sign language and spoken language at the same time.
Speech Audiometry A test that checks how well someone hears and understands speech.
Speechreading Reading lips to understand speech.
Speech-Reception Threshold (SRT) The softest level at which someone can understand speech 50% of the time.
Stapes The third tiny middle-ear bone that helps transmit sound to the inner ear.
Text Telephones (TT) Devices that let people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing send text over phone lines.
Total Communication Using all methods of communication—speech, sign, fingerspelling, lip reading—together.
Transliteration Converting spoken language into sign language for understanding.
Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum) The membrane that vibrates when sound hits it.
Vestibular Mechanism Parts of the inner ear that help with balance.
Video Relay Service (VRS) A video phone service that lets deaf people communicate with hearing people through an interpreter.
Created by: Jarcher1
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