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6.4 Earth's Energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earth's Energy Budget | The measure of the incoming energy Earth receives from the Sun and the amount that is emitted back into space |
| Energy | The ability of a system to do work; required for changes to happen within a system |
| Evaporation | Change of a liquid to a vapor or gas |
| Hydropower | A renewable source of energy based on the natural movement of water |
| Photosynthesis | A chemical reaction during which plants convert radiant energy from the Sun to chemical energy; the reaction converts carbon dioxide and water into sugar (glucose) and oxygen |
| Solar Energy | Radiant light and heat from the Sun |
| Wind Energy | Energy from turbines that harness the movement of air and convert it to usable energy; a renewable resource |
| Conduction | Transfer of thermal energy that occurs in solids, liquids, and gases when two substances of different temperatures touch |
| Convection | Heat transfer caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluids and the falling of cooler, denser fluids |
| Convection Current | A circular movement of fluids caused by the rising of hotter, less dense fluid and the falling of cooler, denser fluid |
| Density | The amount of matter in a given space or volume |
| Heat | Energy transferred between two objects of different temperatures that moves continually in a predictable pattern, from a warmer site to a cooler site, until all sites have reached the same temperature |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Scientific law stating that energy can be neither created nor destroyed but just changes form |
| Radiation | The transfer of energy by the movement of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles |
| Thermal Energy | The total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny particles that make up matter; the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes |
| Chemical Energy | Energy stored in chemical bonds and released through chemical reactions |
| Electrical Energy | A form of energy made available by the flow of electrical charge through a conductor |
| Energy Transformation | The change of energy from one form to another |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Scientific law stating that energy can be neither created nor destroyed but just changes form |
| Mechanical Energy | A form of energy produced by a machine or moving part |
| Radiant Energy | Energy from the Sun that reaches Earth as visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and infrared (heat) radiation |
| Thermal Energy | The total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny particles that make up matter; the faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element; made of electrons, protons, and neutrons |
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