— The second president of the United States (1797–1801) who helped lead the country after the American Revolution; he played a major role in early U.S. government and diplomacy.

— People living in a country who are not citizens of that country; in early U.S. history this often referred to immigrants from other nations.

— The idea that a state can refuse to follow a federal law it thinks is unconstitutional; a claim that states have the power to "nullify" federal laws within their borders.

— A political group in the early United States that supported a stronger national (federal) government, a national bank, and closer ties with Britain.

— A diplomatic conflict (1797–1798) between the United States and France in which French agents (called X, Y, and Z in reports) demanded bribes to begin negotiations; it made many Americans angry with France.

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

— Statements written by leaders of Kentucky and Virginia arguing that states could judge whether federal laws were constitutional and could take action if they believed laws overstepped federal power.

— A country's plans and actions for dealing with other countries, including trade, peace, and protection of national interests.

— A group of people who share similar ideas about government and work together to win elections and influence public policy.

— The principle that states have certain powers and freedoms that the federal government should not take away; often used to argue that states can limit or reject federal actions.

— Words or actions that encourage people to resist or overthrow their government; in history, sedition laws punished harsh criticism of the government.

Alien and Sedition Acts

— Four laws passed in 1798 that increased the power to deport noncitizens (aliens), made it harder for immigrants to vote, and punished people for criticizing the government (sedition).

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Stack #4655848

Question	Answer
John Adams	— The second president of the United States (1797–1801) who helped lead the country after the American Revolution; he played a major role in early U.S. government and diplomacy.
Aliens	— People living in a country who are not citizens of that country; in early U.S. history this often referred to immigrants from other nations.
Nullification	— The idea that a state can refuse to follow a federal law it thinks is unconstitutional; a claim that states have the power to "nullify" federal laws within their borders.
Federalists	— A political group in the early United States that supported a stronger national (federal) government, a national bank, and closer ties with Britain.
XYZ Affair	— A diplomatic conflict (1797–1798) between the United States and France in which French agents (called X, Y, and Z in reports) demanded bribes to begin negotiations; it made many Americans angry with France.
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions	— Statements written by leaders of Kentucky and Virginia arguing that states could judge whether federal laws were constitutional and could take action if they believed laws overstepped federal power.
Foreign Policy	— A country's plans and actions for dealing with other countries, including trade, peace, and protection of national interests.
Political Party	— A group of people who share similar ideas about government and work together to win elections and influence public policy.
States’ Rights	— The principle that states have certain powers and freedoms that the federal government should not take away; often used to argue that states can limit or reject federal actions.
Sedition	— Words or actions that encourage people to resist or overthrow their government; in history, sedition laws punished harsh criticism of the government.
Alien and Sedition Acts	— Four laws passed in 1798 that increased the power to deport noncitizens (aliens), made it harder for immigrants to vote, and punished people for criticizing the government (sedition).

Created by: user-1987859

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