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CM Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Romanticism | focus on the individual especially on emotions ( passion and individualism) |
| Choral Symphony | Beethoven's symphony no. 9 (uses a chorus - never done in a symphony before) new type of genre |
| Romantic music | larger orchestras, conductors, dramatic and emotional expression |
| Ludwig Wan Beethoven | wrote 9 symphonies and a transitional figure from classical to romantic |
| Friedrich Schiller | Beethoven's symphony no.9 - singers enter on text from the "Ode to Joy" by poet . . . |
| Architectural music | Hector Berlioz's Requiem - massive and dramatic _____ ____ meant for St. Louis Cathedral in Paris |
| Dies Irae | Hector Berlioz's Requiem - movement intended to convey the enormous power of the Day of Judgement |
| Tuba Mirum | hector Berlioz's Requiem - featuring four groups of brass players and pounding timpani's |
| dramatic legend | Hector Berlioz's Damnation of Faust - deal with the devil story set as ____ (mashup of concert piece and a staged opera) ( not success for Berlioz ) |
| Faust | Hector Berlioz's Damnation of Faust - deal with the devil story. character in the hope of finding greater meaning in life . he meets Marguerite and is told the only way to save her is to giving his soul in the second to last scene he is dragged to hell |
| Mephistopheles | Hector Berlioz's Damnation of Faust - deal with the devil story. character that is the devil |
| Demonic language | Invented by Berlioz for Damnation of Faust - Faust is dragged to hell by Mephistopheles, where a chorus of demons celebrates and sings in a ___ ___ |
| Sequence | a prayer recited only on special occasions |
| Hector Berlioz was known for? | putting personal emotions and narrative into his music and known for pushing boundaries |
| partsongs | group songs that were popular in home performances |
| choral societies | established for amateur recreation and enjoyment |
| music festivals | presented large choruses singing mostly Handel and Haydn's oratorios |
| Bach Revival | Felix Mendelssohn helped start the ___ ____ |
| Julius Schubring | Lutheran minister who created Libretto on stories of prophet Elijah from Biblical books of kings for Elijah by Felix Mendelssohn |
| New Journal of Music | Robert Schumann was a music critic and founded the __ ___ ___ ___ ( was important for figures like Liszt and Wanger) |
| Weimar | Franz Liszt was the chapel master at____( Goethe's place) |
| Richard Wagner | invented concept of Leitmotif, a musical theme associated with a character |
| Lohengrin | Richard Wagner's opera that Liszt premiered |
| Leitmotif | a musical theme associated with a character ( invented by Richard Wagner) |
| Lieder | solo songs in home performance |
| Franz Schubert | larger works like symphonies and operas but had difficulty getting performances. much of his music was performed at gatherings in middle class homes |
| singing master | William Billings involved in singing schools for the Boston area as a ___ ____ |
| fuguing tune | polyphonic choral music that William Billings called ____ ____ |
| shape-note singing | came from New England and spread southward from shape note hymn books ( most popular was the Hymn book The Sacred Harp) |
| the Sacred Harp | the most popular shape note hymn book |
| Spiritual | African American sacred song ( spread by Fisk Jubilee Singers which was established as a fundraiser for Fisk University) |
| Fisk University | where the Fisk Jubilee Singers were established as a fundraiser for __ ___ in the midst of the spread of spiritual (professor George L . White) |
| Fisk Jubilee Singers | the group that was established as a fundraiser for Fisk University in the midst of the spread of spiritual by the __ ___ __ |
| Handel and Haydn Society | choral society that formed large works with orchestras from Boston |
| Mormon Tabernacle Choir | choral society formed large works with orchestras from Salt Lake City |
| Mannerchor | Towns with German populations featured a men's choir called ____ |
| Amy Cheney Beach | first American woman composer to earn widespread recognition |
| George F. Root | composer of popular sheet music |
| Cecilian movement | a revival of Renaissance choral style |
| Italian opera | Giuseppe Verdi - mostly prominent and famous opera composer in Italy for 50 years |
| Alessandro Manzoni | Giuseppe Verdi's Messa da Requiem was written for author / poet __ ___ |
| La Scala | Gieseppe Verdi's Messa de Requiem at Milan's La Scala opera house |
| French Style | focused on simplicity ( Gabriel Faure ) |
| Stabat mater | a long Medieval poem |
| Henry Newman | Edward Elgar's The Dream of Gerontius is based on a text from a religious poem by __ ___ A catholic cardinal |
| Walt Whitman | Vaughan Williams A Sea Symphony, choral symphony on a text from poetry by ___ ____ |
| Modernism | attempt to "break away" from the past |
| musical modernism | harmony - tonality extended or abandoned (atonal) and rhythm - complex and irregular |
| Experimental music | Charles Ives wrote __ ___ |
| Bitonality | singing in two different keys |
| Hungarian folk music | Zoltan Kodaly's music combined influences of modernism and ___ ___ ___ |
| Republic of Czechoslovakia | Leos Jancek was a significant figure in the __ ___ ___ ___ |
| Ostinato | |
| Neoclassical style | Igor Stravinsky created a ___ ____ by shifting to Baroque / classical inspirations |
| atonal | tonality extended or abandoned |
| the Sitwell siblings | William Walton was associated with the three literary artistic ___ ____ |
| Osbert Sitwell | William Walton's Belshazzar's Feast's libretto was written by __ ___ |
| Elemental music | Carl Orff formed a concept called __ ___ a combination of music, dance, and poetry |
| The Goliards | wandering student group outs, very suggestive poetry |
| Goliard poetry | Carl Orff's Carmina Burana has poetry by ___ _____ (poetic text drawn from medieveal manuscripts of Latin |
| Joseph Stalin | died on the same day as Sergei Prokofiev |
| Socialist realism | easily understandable, folk like, pro-soviet/ pro - socialist ( soviet government demanded artists and composers created works of this) |
| hour zero | completely reset and break. with the past : an __ ____ approach |
| musical avant garde | Cologne and Darmstadt ( West Germany) were leading cities in Europe for ___ ___ ___ |
| pacifism | Benjamin Britten was a lifelong ____ ; conscientious objector during WWII |
| Wilfrid Owen | Benjamin Britten's War Requiem interspersed with English (antiwar) poetry by WWI poet soldier __ ___ |
| Micropolyphony | Gyorgy Ligeti developed a new technique for singing and playing called ____ |
| passion setting | |
| tone cluster | |
| postmodernism | traditional and or popular elements appear in new contexts or mixed together( reaction against modernism) |
| medieval and renaissance music | Arvo part spend 8 years studying ___ ____ ___ |
| tintinnabuli | repeatedly move away from and then back to a central pitch |
| Russian Orthodox Church | John Tavener converted to ___ ____ ____ |
| St. Symeon the New Theologian | John Tavener's Ikon of Light length sacred work on a Greek text by __ ____ ___ ___ ____ |
| The Tallis Scholars | Ikon of Light was composed for performing group __ ___ ___ |
| Minimalism | |
| post minimalism | John Adams created distinct __ ___ style by drawing from a wider array of musical influences |
| Peter Sellars | John Adams"s Dr. Atomic, ___ ___ created the libretto |
| J. Robert Oppenheimer | Dr. Atomic tells the story of ___ ___ ____ in the day leading up to the trinity atomic bomb test |
| Bhagavad Gita | Dr. Atomic has text from ___ ___ |
| Partita (suite) | a baroque genre: a series of dances |
| Roomful of Teeth | Caroline Shaw worked with __ ___ ___ |
| Allemande | postmodern mashup ( Caroline Shaw won the Prize for the 8 voices on Allemande partita ) |
| Pulitzer Prize | Caroline Shaw won the ___ ___ of music for her partita for 8 voices on Allemande |
Created by:
addyrussell