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Acetals

OCHEM II: Exam 3

QuestionAnswer
What are Acetals Geminal diethers (2 ethers on same carbon) compounds
What are acetals derived from/ how do they form? Acetals are derived from aldehydes or ketones Form when 2eq. (or an excess) of an alcohol reacts with a carbonyl compound, resulting in water loss
What are acetals used for? Acetals are used fro PROTECTION of carbonyls on aldehydes & ketones - Aldehydes and ketones both contain carbonyl groups that are very reactive. No protection = carbonyl is impacted
How are aldehydes and ketones protected? Carbonyl is converted into an acetal (2 ethers on same carbon)
Reversal of an acetal Acetals can be reversed back into a carbonyl using a STRONG ACID (ex: H3O^+)
How do we most often see acetal protection? Protection though the formation of a CYCLIC acetal using a DIOL
Facts to know about Acetals Acetals are: - Stable in basic conditions - Stable to many nucleophiles - Stable to Grignard reagents - Stable to hydride reducing agents
Created by: emily.zegarra
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