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Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Language | The communication of ideas, sending and receiving them through an arbitrary system of symbols used according to certain rules that determined meaning. |
| Communication disorder | Impaired the ability to transmit or receive ideas, facts, feelings, and desires and may involve language or speech both. |
| Speech | The neuromuscular activity of forming and sequencing the sounds of oral language. |
| Augmentive and alternative communication | For people with disabilities involving the physical movements of speech making consist of alternatives to the speech sounds of oral language. |
| Speech disorders | Impairment in the production and use of oral language. |
| Language disorders | Include problems and comprehension and expression |
| Phonology | Refers to the rules governing speech sounds, the particular sounds and how they are sequenced. |
| Morphology | Refers to the rules that govern alterations of the internal organization of words, such as suffixes and other grammatical inflections to make proper plurals. |
| Syntax | Refers to the rules of organizing sentences in a meaningful way, including, for example, guidelines about using subjects and predicate and placing modifiers correctly. |
| Semantics | Refers to rules about attaching meanings and concepts to words. |
| Pragmatics | Refers to rules about using language for social purposes. |
| Primary language disorder | No known cause |
| Secondary language disorder | Caused by another condition, such as intellectual disabilities, hearing impairment, autism spectrum disorder, three palsy, or traumatic brain injury. |
| Specific language impairment | Refers to a neurodevelopmental language disorder that has no identifiable cause. |
| Phonological awareness | And understanding of the sound structure of language, includes the ability to blend sounds into words, to segment words into sounds, into otherwise manipulate the sounds into words. |
| Dysfluencies | Hesitations, repetitions, and other interruptions of normal speech flow that are entirely normal parts of learning to use language |
| Developmental apraxia | A disorder of motor planning that emerges as a child develops speech and language skills. |
| Acquired apraxia | Has similar symptoms, but it occurs because of a stroke or other type of brain damage after learning speech. |
| Decoding | Refers to the ability to transfer the written words into speech. |
| Dynamic assessments | Determines how the student performs with and without support. |
| Milieu teaching | A strategy to teach functional language skills in a natural environment |