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chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| There are 3 types of stimuli that activate endocrine glands. Which type is associated with endocrine organs being activated by other hormones? | Hormonal stimuli |
| What does the endocrine system do? | Produce and release hormones into the bloodstream to regulate body functions |
| What is a steroid hormone? | A hormone made from cholesterol |
| In the second messenger system, what serves as the first messenger? | Hormones |
| PTH is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response too low blood concentration of calcium ions. This is an example of which type of stimuli that activate endocrine glands? | Humoral stimuli |
| What do hormones affect specifically? | Target cells and target organs |
| Hormone levels in the blood are mostly maintained by what? | Negative feedback mechanisms |
| GH | From the Anterior pituitary |
| Thyroxine (T4) | From the Thyroid |
| Calcitonin | From the Thyroid |
| Prolactin | From the Anterior pituitary |
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | From the Hypothalamus |
| Oxytocin | From the Hypothalamus |
| TH/TSH | From the Anterior pituitary |
| ACTH | From the Anterior pituitary |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | From the Anterior pituitary |
| LH | From the Anterior pituitary |
| PTH | From the Parathyroid |
| Glucagon | From the Pancreas |
| Releasing and inhibiting hormones | From the Hypothalamus |
| Cortisone | From the Adrenal cortex |
| Norepinephrine | From the Adrenal mendulla |
| Aldosterone | From the Adrenal cortex |
| Insulin | From the Pancreas |
| Glucocorticoids | From the Adrenal cortex |
| Epinephrine | From the Adrenal mendulla |
| Thymosin | From the Thymus |
| Promotes growth of skeletal muscles/long bones | Growth hormone |
| Promotes normal cell metabolism and helps the body resist long-term stressors | Glucocorticoids |
| Lowers blood glucose levels | Insulin |
| Stimulates contraction of the uterus and milk ejection | Oxytocin |
| Stimulates development of follicles in female ovaries and sperm development | Follicle-stimulating hormone |
| Raises blood calcium levels | Parathyroid hormone |
| Stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroxine | Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| Promotes reabsorption of water by the kidneys to increase blood volume | Antidiuretic hormone |
| Promotes thymosin | Thymus (middle under thyroid) |
| Promotes melatonin | Pineal gland (back of brain/Hypothalamus) |
| Produces testosterone | Testes |
| Produces insulin/glucagon | Pancreas (close to stomach) |
| Hormone that is most important regulator of calcium ion homeostasis | Parathyroid (little dots on thyroid) |
| Female glands that are stimulated by FSH and LH | Ovaries |
| Responsible for regulating metabolism | Adrenal glands (on kidneys) |
| Male sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are what? | Androgens |
| Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce____ while alpha cells produce _____ | Insulin, Glucagon |
| When blood glucose is too HIGH, what gets released? | Insulin |
| Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence activities of what? | Anterior pituitary gland |
| Which hormones play a role in milk reflex and maintaining breast milk production? | Prolactin and oxytocin |
| What does alcohol inhibit the secretion of? | Antidiuretic hormone |
| What is the body's major metabolic hormone? | Thyroid hormone |
| Flight or fight response triggers what? | Epinephrine |
| What is melatonin used for | Regulate sleep and wake cycle |
| What steroids are made by female ovaries? | Estrogens and progestins |
| Know what is produced by the Parathyroid gland | Parathyroid hormone |
| What is the placenta? | Formed temporarily in the uterus of pregnant women, produces hormones that maintain pregnancy |
| Which Anterior pituitary hormones regulates endocrine activity of the cortext region of the adrenal gland? | Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
Created by:
rileyri