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Physio Finals pt 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Factors that will increase bronchiolar resistance | - parasympathetic nervous system - muscarinic (M3) receptors |
| systemic arteries have same concentration as | - Pulmonary veins |
| Nitrogen makes up... | 79% of the atmosphere |
| Oxygen makes up... | 21% of the atmosphere |
| CO2 makes up.. | 0% of atmosphere |
| important in determining the pressure difference that is shown (or calculated) in the airflow equation | alveolar and atmospheric pressure |
| Tidal volume | 500 mL |
| Dead space volume | 150 mL |
| Residual Volume | 1200 mL |
| Inspiratory reserve volume | 3000 mL |
| Alveolar ventilation (rate) | 350 mL x 12 breaths per minute |
| expiratory cycle | - Pressure in alveoli is more than atmospheric pressure - Air flows out of the lungs - Diaphragm is in its dome shape - There is a reduced volume in the thoracic cavity. |
| partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the systemic veins | 40 mmHg |
| partial pressure of oxygen (PCO2) in the systemic veins | 46 mmHg |
| The bronchi is part of the .. | the conducting zone of the lower respiratory tract. |
| Hbo2 | percentage of hemoglobin that is bound by oxygen. |
| O2 | oxygen that is dissolved in the plasma. |
| alkalosis? | pH higher than 7.4 |
| which blood gasses will activate the chemoreceptor reflex and lead to a reflex increase in pulmonary/minute ventilation? | - PCO2 of 49mmHg - PO2 of 55mmHg |
| Less breathing rate = | - More acid in body - pH decreases (becomes acidic) |
| respiratory alkalosis? | - hyperventilation due to a respirator being set to too high of a breathing rate |
| metabolic acidosis? | - production of ketoacids in a person with Type I or II Diabetes Mellitus - kidney disease where H+ secretion and/or HCO3- reabsorption is impaired |
| - pH less than 7.4 - HCO3 Higher than 24 - PCO2 less than 40 | Metabolic Acidosis with Respiratory Compensation |
| pH 7.56 PCO2 49 mmHg HCO3- 32 mEq/L | Metabolic alkalosis |
| Water soluble hormones | - Thyroid stimulating hormone - Dopamine - Prolactin |
| ACTH Targets the.. | Adrenal cortex |
| FSH targets the.. | Gonads (ovaries and testes) |
| Vasopressin targets the.. | Arterioles and renal collecting duct |
| TSH targets the.. | Thyroid gland |
| Thyrotropin hormone targets the.. | Anterior pituitary |
| Adrenal gland hormones | - Aldosterone - Cortisol - Epinepherine |
| Lipid soluble hormone | - dissolved hormone is in equilibrium with the bound hormone - |
| Ovaries secrete.. | Estrogen |
| Adrenal gland secrete.. | Cortisol |
| Hypothalamus secretes.. | GnRH |
| Protein hormones | - Gastrin - Parathyroid hormone |
| Which receives negative feedback from t3 and t4 | - anterior pituitary - TSH - hypothlamus - TRH |
| Inspiration | - Airflow into alveoli - Equal or less than 759 mmHg |
| Expiration | - Airflow out of alveoli - Equal or greater than 761 mmHg |
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