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Cold War Part 1
Cold War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the United Nations, purpose, and what year was it founded | UN is an international peace-keeping organization meant to prevent a future world war, and it was founded in 1945 |
| Universal Declaration of Human Rights: who created the doc, what major rights did it address, what document does it resemble | the United Nations created it, addresses issues such as freedom of speech, gender equality, asylum for persecution, unalienable rights, and based off of the Bill of Rights |
| Yalta Conference: who were the major players and which countries did they represent | Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin |
| what were the impact of the decisions at Yalta impacting Poland, Declaration of Liberated Europe and division of Germany | Poland was taken over by the soviets, the Declaration of Liberated Europe was meant to keep Europe free, but Stalin took advantage of it to oppress eastern Europe, and in the division of Germany, it is divided into four for the U.S, France, Britain, USSR |
| years in which the Cold War was waged | 1945-1991 |
| What was the Soviet view of the world post-ww2 | they wanted to spread communism and control, they liked military power |
| what was the American view of the world post-ww2 | they wanted to stop the spread of communism (containment) and they believed in Democracy and a capitalism economy |
| Postdam conference: who were the major players, and what terms were decided on in the conclusion of the meeting | Truman and Stalin, Stalin demanded reparations (he wanted to dismantle the industrial plants, take control of the eastern half of germany, and wanted 10 billion dollars, also they came up with the conclusion that Germany should bedemilitarized+Japan quit |
| Iron Curtain: what did it represent, where did it exist, who coined the term | it represented the area that the soviets had occupied in the East and the free Europe In the west, it existed from East Germany all the way down through the baltics and cutting off at Greece and Turkiye, Churchill coined the term |
| Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech: standing of America at the end of WW2, desires of the Soviets, what the soviets admired/detested | we were at the Pinnacle of World power, and we needed to go and help out the nations that couldn't defend themselves against the Soviets, the soviets wanted to control Eastern Europe, spread communism, they admired military strength, and detested weakness |
| sattelite Nations: what did they represent and where were they located | sattelite Nations were nations run by the soviets that were opressed, and they were located throughout eastern europe |
| Containment policy: who created it, what was the purpose, and where do we see this policy in action | George F, Kenan, (US diplomat) and it was to help stop the spread of communism, we see the policy in action in the Korean+Vietnam wars, Berlin Airlift, Marshall plan and NATO |
| The Long Telegram/Sources of Soviet Conduct: what policy does this source create, who was the author, tone of the author, relationship between capitalism and socialism, belief in economic prospects between the two | creates policy of Containment, author George Kenan, tone is analytical/serious, socialism and capitalism have an innate antagonism, and it is shown how socialism has more prospects than capitalism according to the soviets |
| Truman Doctrine: what was the goal of this doctrine? How would we aid nations? Which nations was it used initially to help and why? | goal was to prevent the spread of Communism, we would aid nations by finances and military supplies, it was initially used to help Greece and Turkiye because they were in danger of falling under soviet control, |
| Truman Doctrine: Describe two different ways that life was layed out in this document and what systems do they belong to? | it was the free person (who represented the Democratic society) and the oppressed person (who represented the Communist society) |
| Marshall Plan: who created the plan, and why was it developed/purpose | Secretary of State George C. Marshall, was developed to provide aid to Europe to prevent the spread of Communism and restore the economy after WW2, and make it more stable |
| Berlin Airlift: What events caused the need for the airlift? Was it sucessful? Why did the US govt commit to this airlift? | the Soviets put a blockade on West Berlin because they thought that the US and other countries would give up and let Stalin have it, the Berlin airlift was sucessful, the United States stepped up to the plate because they wanted to contain |
| What impact did the Berlin Airlift have on the Soviet Blockade? | we were succesfully able to make Stalin back down and keep west Berlin free, and save all of the West Berlin citizens from starving to death slowly, and also showed the world how bad the USSR was and encouraged the creation of NATO |
| NATO: full name, purpose, who are the members | North Atlantic Treaty Organization, purpose is to deter Soviet expansionism and protect everyone's sovereignty, members include 32 nations in Europe, the US and Canada |
| What organization was created in response to NATO and why? | the Warsaw Pact which was the attempt to be a soviet combat to NATO, and it is no longer existing |
| Korean War: what nation alarmingly fell to Communism before the war began, and where was Korea divided before the war | China fell to Communism in 1949, before the war, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel |
| Korean War: where was Korea divided after the war? What role did the USSR and the US play in Korea before the war? | it was roughly divided on the 38th parallel, the Soviets helped North Korea, while we supported South Korea |
| Korean War: Which American was put in charge of the UN forces in Korea? What was the basic course of the war? | McArthur, the basic course:North Korea attacks South Korea and takes Seoul,then the Southern is pushed back to Pusan, Americans captured Inchon and regained Seoul, McArthur goes passed 38th parallel, China joins the war, then armisitice near 38th parallel |
| Korean War: Which American President created an armistice with North Korea? Has the war ever ended? Why was the war in Korea a turning point in the Cold War? | Dwight Eisenhower, the war has not officially ended, was a turning point in the Cold War because it was the first time that America had actually went to war over Communism and the Containment ideology |
| subversion | the attack on power and authority of an established system/institution |
| Loyalty Review Board/Program: President which created the board, type of workers it investigated, the ideologies it attempted to expose | created by President Harry S. Truman, investigated government officials, attempted to expose Communists, Fascists, Socialists, etc;... |
| HUAC: full name, purpose, and leaders | House of Un-American Activities Committee, was founded to find Communists in the government and remove them, keep them from spreading their ideals, and some of the main leaders were Martin Dies, J, Parnell Thomas, Richard Nixon, and Edward J. Hart |
| "Hollywood Ten": why were they targeted, impact on the ""Ten" | they were targeted because of the rise of anti-Communist hysteria and infiltration into Hollywood, and the ten were forced to go into prison and lost their jobs, faced exile |
| Rosenburgs: what were they accused of, what happened to them, and were they guilty? | they were accused of committing espionage for passing atomic secrets to the USSR during the Cold War, they were both executed at Sing Sing Prison, and Mr. Rosenburg was guilty but his wife was not by any means |
| Joseph McCarthy: who is he? Why is he significant to the Cold War? How did he gain/lose power? | he was a Republican Senator, he spread anti-Communist hysteria and conspiracy, caused the Second Red Scare, gained power by fear-mongering, and lost power by disrespecting the US Army on natl' tv! |
| McCarthyism | the practice of making intense and wild accusations of Communism and treason in the US without proper evidence |
| what is "flexible response, and which administrations was it created by | it was created by the Kennedy administration designed to provide multiple options responding to Soviet aggression, and aimed to prevent mass nuclear warfare |
| Bay of Pigs: location, leader of that country, aim of the US support, was it successful, and what was the major impact? | Cuba, leader was Fidel Castro, aim was to overthrow Castro and the Communist regime, it was not successful and caused the Cuban Missile Crisis and for the USSR and Cuba to become allies |
| Cuban Missile Crisis: which countries were involved/leaders of those nations, major issue | USSR (Nikita Krushev), US (JFK), Cuba (Fidel Castro) the major issue was that Cuba had taken nukes from the USSR and positioned them at us ready to shoot us |
| Cuban Missile Crisis: options for resolving the issue and which option was chosen, how was the crisis averted, and significance of the crisis | 4 options of response were1continue to engage in negotiations with USSR2invade Cuba3blockade Cuba4bomb the missile sites, and we chose to blockade Cuba, crisis averted by negotiations and removing U.S. missiles from Tukiye, was the closest ever to nukewar |
Created by:
I'mtheAlpha