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Genetics vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| feature | a characteristic that all members of a species have |
| trait | a specific characteristic of an individual organism |
| variation | any difference in traits between individual organisms |
| function | how something works |
| protein molecules | a type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms |
| structure | the way something is shaped or constructed |
| gene | and instruction for making a protein molecule |
| gene version (allele) | and instruction for making a protein molecule |
| mutation | a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait |
| heterozygous | having a gene versions that are different |
| homozygous | having a gene version that are the same |
| inherit | to receive a genes from a parent |
| sexual reproduction | the process in which two parents pass on their genes to create an offspring |
| asexual reproduction | process in which only one parent passes on its genetic information in to create an offspring (cloning) |
| recessive | the trait inherited only if the offspring inherents 2 copies of the allele for that trait (represented by lowercase letters) |
| dominant | the trait inherited as long as the offspring receives at least one copy of the allele for that trait ( represented with capital letters) |
| chromosome | a long piece of DNA that contains many genes |
| DNA | a type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of |
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