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Pharmacology pt1
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | Study of drugs and how they affect the body |
| Drug/Medicine | Any substance that produces a physical or chemical change in the body |
| Pharmacodynamics | What drugs do to the body |
| Pharmacokinetics | what the body does to drugs, study of how medications move through the body |
| Absorption | converting the drug from its dose form into a form the body can use |
| Distribution | transportation of the med throughout the body |
| Metabolism | breakdown of medication so the body can get rid of it, happens in the liver and kidneys |
| Excretion | removal of medication through the body, usually through urine |
| Pharmacotherapeutics | How drugs are used to treat disease |
| Who controls meds in the US? | FDA, DEA |
| What is the purpose of the FDA? | Sets standards for the purity, strength, and composition of all food, cosmetic, and drug products. |
| What does the DEA use? | Regulates the sale and use of controlled drugs |
| Schedule I Drug | Illegal, no medical use. Ex: Heroin |
| Schedule II Drug | High potential for abuse. Ex: Narcotics |
| Schedule III Drug | Moderate to Low Potential for Abuse. Ex: Anabolic Steroids |
| Schedule IV Drug | Low Potential for Abuse. Ex: Valium or Xanax |
| Schedule V Drug | Has limited quantities of narcotics in them. Low Potential for Abuse. Ex: cough syrup with codeine. |
| Curative Medication | heals from a disease (ex. antibiotics) |
| Diagnostic medication | helps in the diagnosing of a disease |
| What is a common diagnostic medication? | Contrast (given with CT scans) |
| What is a common ingredient in IV contrast? | Iodine |
| What common food has high levels of iodine in it? | Shellfish |
| Before a patient receives IV contrast, what must the CCMA ask the patient? | If they have an allergy to shellfish |
| Palliative medication | reduce the severity of symptoms, usually at end of life care |
| Prophylactic medication | prevents the effects of a disease ex: vaccines |
| Replacement medication | replaces substances normally found in the body ex: thyroid, calcium, estrogen, etc.) |
| Therapeutic medication | restores the body to its presymptom state ex: antihypertensives, analgesics, antiemetics |
| Meds have 3 names that help identify them. They are: | chemical name, generic name, trade (brand) name |
| therapeutic effects | The positive effect of a medication. What we want to happen. |
| Side effects | unwanted actions by a drug, but an expected reaction |
| Adverse effects | undesirable effects that may be harmful to the patient. Usually a reason to stop a medication Ex: allergic reaction, N&V |
| Toxicity | accumulation of drugs in the body that creates an unwanted effect. |
| Indication | The reason why the medication was prescribed. Ex: antibiotic for strep throat |
| contraindications | reasons why a drug (used normally in most people) should not be prescribed to a certain patient. Ex: previous allergic reaction, pregnancy |
| PDR | Physician's Drug Reference |
| Define prescriptions. | Legal documents written by a licensed Provider giving instructions on medication use other than an OTC medication. |
| Which type of medication must have a hand-written prescription? | Controlled Substances |
| Do immunizations require a consent form? | Yes, it does not fall under implied consent. |
| What is another name for immunizations? | Vaccines |
| What must be documented after giving a vaccine? | Lot number of the vaccine and the expiration date |
| What is the Medication Record? | record of all the medications patients take, both OTC and Rx and oxygen |
| Name the seven rights of drug administration. | Patient, Drug, Dose, Route, Time, Technique, Documentation |
| List the 5 additional "rights" of medication administration? | Right assessment, Right reason, Right to know, Right evaluation, Right to refuse |
| True or False: It is OK to use abbreviations when ordering a medication. | False- due to medication errors, meds must always be written out. |
| Name the three forms that medication comes in: | liquid, solid, semi-solid |
| Oral Administration is also called: | Enteral Route |
| What are advantages of giving meds orally? | safest method, does not require any special equipment, usually taken by the patient easily |
| What is one disadvantage of giving meds orally? | Aspiration risk |
| Sublingual Route | under the tongue |
| Which medication is commonly given sublingually so it can absorb very quickly? | Nitroglycerin |
| Buccal Route | Between the cheek and gum |
| Define enteric-coated medications. | Meds that are coated with a special coating allowing them to pass through the stomach and into the small intestine before breaking down. |
| What is critical to remember when administering an EC medication? | Must be swallowed whole! Can never be crushed, chewed, or split. Take with a full glass of water. |
| When giving any medication, what should the CCMA check first? | The order and then the patient's allergies! |
| What is a meniscus? | The level of the lowest point of the curve in liquid medication |
Created by:
Sxmmerxo