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MED159 PREQUIZ
MED159 PREQUIZ CH 38
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The process of LISTENING to body sounds. | auscultation (aws’kŭl-tā’shŭn) |
| The VISUAL examination of the patient’s entire body and overall appearance. | inspection (ĭn-spĕk’shŭn) |
| The systematic MOVEMENT of a patient’s body parts. *to determine a joint's ROM | manipulation (mă-nip’yū-lā’shŭn) |
| The process of MEASURING. | mensuration (men’sŭr-ā’shŭn) |
| A type of TOUCH to determine characteristics such as texture, temperature, shape, and presence of movement. | palpation (pal-pā’shŭn) |
| TAPPING or striking the body to hear sounds or feel vibration. | percussion (pĕr-kŭsh’ŭn) |
| General physical exams are for what 2 purposes? | 1. Confirm overall state of health. 2. Provide baseline for vital signs |
| ROS | Review of Systems: checks all major organs and body systems *manipulation |
| (Initial) diagnosis based on the signs and symptoms of a disease as well as the results of any laboratory tests that have been ordered. | clinical diagnosis (klin’i-kăl dī-ăg-nō’sis) |
| Determining the correct diagnosis when two or more diagnoses are possible. | differential diagnosis (dif’ĕr-en’shăl dī-ăg-nō’sis) |
| A prediction of the probable course of a disease in an individual and the chances of recovery. | prognosis (prŏg-nō’sĭs) |
| Emotional Preparation (of the patient) | • Simple, direct language • Emotional preparedness • Chaperone |
| Physical Preparation (of the patient) | • Offer use of restroom • Assist with direction on gown or draping • Offer water if available |
| • Lifting, • Moving, • Positioning Patients | body mechanics (bod’ē mĕ-kan’iks) |
| Pattern of assumptions, beliefs, and practices that shapes the way people think and act. | culture (kŭl’chŭr) (social definition) |
| Ability to react appropriately in situations that may arise due to a patient’s (or coworker’s) cultural background. | cultural competence (kŭl’chŭr-ăl kom’pĕ-tens) |
| A negative statement about the specific traits of a group that is applied unfairly to an entire population. | stereotyping (ster’ē-ō-tī-ping) |
| One of four equal sections, such as those into which the abdomen is figuratively divided during an examination. | quadrant (kwahd’rănt) |
| An objective, or external, factor, such as blood pressure, rash, or swelling, that can be seen or felt by the physician or measured by an instrument. (FACTUAL) | sign (sīn) |
| The degree to which one side of the body is the same as the other. | symmetry (sim’ĕ-trē) |
| HEENT | Head Ears Eyes Nose Throat |
| After the Exam (Follow-Up) | • May be responsible for teaching patients how to perform self-examinations • Schedule future visits • Make outside appointments • Plan for home healthcare if needed • Advise on community assistance |
| Before the Exam | • Assist the patient in navigating insurance forms • Conduct Preliminary Patient Interview • Document Accurate History |
| Assist During Exam | • instruments and supplies • Ensure Patient is Physically/ Emotionally Comfortable, Help with Positioning • Communicate Exam Progress • Observe for Signs of Distress |
| Physician inserts one or two gloved fingers of one hand into the opening of a body canal such as the vagina or the rectum; used to palpate the canal and related structures. | digital examination (dij’i-tăl eg-zam’in-ā’shŭn) |
| Condition of breathing rapidly and deeply. Decreases the amount of CO2 in the blood. | hyperventilation (hĭ’pĕr-ven’ti-lā’shŭn) |
| The lining of the nose. | nasal mucosa (nā’zăl myū-kō’să) |
| A deformity of the spine characterized by a bent-over position; aka humpback. | kyphosis (kī-fō’sis) |
| A lateral curvature of the spine, | scoliosis (skō’lē-ō’sis) |
| A subjective/internal condition felt by a pt: pain/headache/nausea, or other indication that can't be seen/felt by the doctor or measured by instruments. (Chief Complaint) | symptom (simp’tŏm) |
| Safety measures before, during, and after a GPE include: | • Handwashing, Gloves, Mask • Instruct pt in Respiratory Hygiene • PPE for contagious infectious disease • Discard Biohazardous Waste Properly • Clean/Disinfect Exam Rooms • Sanitize, Disinfect, Sterilize Equipment |
| Lift with your strongest muscles: | • Including your legs and arms, rather than your back. • Keeping your feet apart. • Bending from the hip and knees. |
| The posture of one sleeping or resting; "lying down" | recumbent (ri-kuhm-buhnt) |
| GPE Skin | • Examined for color, texture, moisture level, temperature, lesions, and elasticity |
| GPE Nails/nail beds | • Exam of the nails may indicate poor nutrition, disease, infection, or injury. •Remind the patient to remove nail cosmetics prior to the appointment. |
| GPE Hair | • Growth patterns/texture of hair on the patient’s scalp and body. • Sudden hair loss or changes in hair growth may indicate underlying disease. |
| GPE Head | • HEENT (head, ears, eyes, nose, and throat). • Abnormal condition of the scalp/skin • Puffiness around the eyes/lips/face • Any abnormal growths. |
| GPE Eyes | • Particularly the eyelids (Conjunctiva) • Presence of disease or abnormalities |
| GPE Ears | • Outer ears for size/symmetry/presence of lesions, redness, or swelling. • Ear canals for redness/drainage/ lesions/foreign objects • The presence of excessive cerumen |
| GPE Nose/Sinuses | • Color of the nasal mucosa • Note discharge/lesions/ obstructions/swelling/inflammation. • Red/swollen, yellow discharge = infection. • Pale/swollen, clear discharge = allergy |
| GPE Mouth/Throat | • Changes in color/lesions = possible infection/oral cancer. • Condition of the teeth and gums. • Oral cancer |
| GPE Lungs/Chest | • Checks shape/symmetry/postural position and looks for presence of any type of deformity • Kyphosis- (humpback) commonly seen in the elderly. • Hyperventilation |
| GPE Heart | •Palpate to locate correct anatomical landmarks for placing stethoscope. • Use percussion to check heart’s size. • Note heart’s rate/rhythm/intensity/pitch. |
| GPE Abdomen | • Listen to bowel sounds b4 palpating • Palpation can misdiagnose pt condition • Abd skin color/surface & inspection of abd shape/symmetry • Observe abd quadrants • Divide abd quadrants in 4-9 sections |
| GPE Breasts (women) | • Check for signs of cancer • Symmetry/contour/masses/retracted areas • Palpate lymph nodes under arms • Palpate breast in circular manner for lumps • Examines areola/nipples |
| GPE Breasts (men) | • Palpates breasts and lymph nodes • Checks for lesions and swelling |
| GPE Genitalia (women) | • Gynecologic exam |
| GPE Genitalia (men) | • Checks penis for signs of infection/ abnormalities, palpating lesions • Examine scrotum, palpating testicles for lumps • Pt stands: dr checks for groin bulges (hernia) |
| GPE Rectum | • Digital exam: palpate for lesions • Stool test for occult blood: guaiac- based fecal occult blood test. • Presence of occult blood: possible colorectal cancer/GI bleeding • Hemoccult®/Seracult® test - stool sample on cardboard slide |
| GPE Musculoskeletal System | • Check for presence of scoliosis • Determines range of motion (ROM) • Examines arms/hands/legs/feet for lesions/deformities/circulatory problems. |
| GPE Neurologic System | • Pt reflexes • Reflex hammer: tap tendons on body • Mental/emotional status (intelligence/speech/behavior) • Sensory/motor functions |
| Components of a General Physical Exam METHODS: | • Head • Neck • Eyes • Ears • Nose/Sinuses • Mouth/Throat • Chest/Lungs • Heart • Breasts • Abdomen • Genitalia • Rectum • Musculoskeletal System • Neurologic System |
| Components of a General Physical Exam MATERIALS: | • Otoscope/Ophthalmoscope • Penlight • Gloves • Vision chart • Color vision chart • Audiometer • Nasal speculum • Stethoscope • Tongue depressor • Tape measure • Vaginal speculum (female only) • Lubricant (rectal/female exams) |
| MED159 CH 38 PREQUIZ |
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