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Biology Chapter 16
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a system of stiff external plates for support & protection | exoskeleton |
| an internal skeleton usually made of bone and cartilage | endoskeleton |
| a support structure in many soft-bodied animals consisting of a fluid-filled cavity surrounded by muscles | hydroskeleton |
| Have coelom | segmented worms |
| Have no coelom or pseudocoelem | flatworms |
| Include tapeworms, flukes, and planarians | flatworms |
| Flagellated cells in sponges that move water through the sponge and capture food particles from the current | collar cells |
| are also known as nematodes | roundworms |
| Have a pseudocoelom | roundworms |
| animals with digestive tracts and circulatory systems usually have _____ germ layers | three |
| rasping feeding structure in some mollusks | radula |
| include earthworms, leeches, and featherworms | segmented worms |
| the arrangement of physical features in an organism that contributes to its structure and form | body plan |
| symmetry in which an imaginary plane through the centerline of the organism divides it into mirror-image halves | bilateral |
| drifting larvae produced by mollusks that are important to the _______ community | plankton |
| symmetry that can be divided by a plane through their center in several places to form mirror images | radial |
| Most animals are invertebrates and _________ | ectothermic |
| describes an organism that lives and grows while attached to something else | sessile |
| an animal whose body temperature is internally regulated and whose body heat is derived mainly from metabolism | endotherm |
| Segmented worms exhibit ________. | cephalization |
| an animal whose body temperature remains close to the temperature of its environment | ectotherm |
| Pink salmon returning to the river where they hatched is an example of ______ behavior. | instinctive |
| True or False: Roundworms, flatworms, and segmented worms all include some parasitic species. | True |
| Mollusks circulate water through _______. | siphons |
| True or False: Crinoidea are sessile. | True |
| layers of cells that develop as a result of the inward movement | germ |
| True or False: Animals have cell walls. | False |
| the concentration of sensory organs around one end of an organism, usually the head | cephalization |
| reproduction in which young develop inside eggs that are laid and hatched outside the parent’s body | oviparous |
| method of reproduction in which young are born alive after developing inside the female’s reproductive tract | viviparous |
| method of reproduction in which young develop within eggs that hatch inside the parent’s body | ovoviviparous |
| an organism possessing both male and female reproductive organs; produce both sperm and eggs | hermaphrodite |
| a sessile, cup-shaped cnidarian with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disc at the other | polyp |
| the free-swimming, umbrella-shaped stage in the life cycle of cnidarians | medusa |
| a sheath of tissue that wraps around the organs and covers the body | mantle |
| List the attributes of animals. | Nutrition, respiration, circulation, reproduction, movement, and support |
| Explain what roles sponges play in their environment. | The larvae of sponges contribute to plankton. They also eat detritus off of the ocean floor which helps filter the water. Some sponges provide protection and nutrients for algae to help with photosynthesis. |
| List the three major groups of mollusks and give an example of each. | Gastropods: sea slug Cephalopods: octopus Bivalves: clam |
| Describe the most common form of echinoderm reproduction. | The most common form of reproduction in echinoderms is secual reproduction. This happens through external fertilization when a male and a female mate. |
| Describe two examples of how worms can be used to benefit humans. | Worms can be used for medical purposes. They can also be used to help a farmer’s crops grow because they enrich the soil. |
Created by:
LayneIS