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KIN 310
Lesson 7 Circulatory Responses to Exercise
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The _________ ____________ has a cardiovascular control center | Medulla Oblongata |
| The _________________ division controls the heart, Vagus nerve, Sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) valve, and lowers heart rate by hyperpolarizing nodes | Parasympathetic |
| The ________________ division regulates the cardiovascular system via the heart, blood vessels, chromatin cells | Sympathetic |
| _____________ is the contraction phase | Systole |
| _____________ is the relaxation phase | Diastole |
| ___________ ___________ (__) is the volume of blood ejected by the heart each minute (L/min) | Cardiac Output; Q |
| ____= Heart rate (HR) x Stroke volume (SV) | Q |
| __________ _____________: is the volume of blood ejected with each beat | Stroke Volume |
| During ____________ the cardiac output is similar in trained vs untrained people | Rest |
| During _____ _____________ cardiac output is higher in trained vs untrained people | Maximal exercise |
| _________ ___________ is measured by the volume of blood in ventricle before and after contraction | Stroke Volume |
| The end diastolic volume is the volume _______ ____________ aka at the end of relaxation/filling | before contraction |
| The end systolic volume is the volume of blood _______ _____________ aka at the end of contraction | after contraction |
| What are the 3 things that regulate stroke volume? | Preload, afterload, and contractility |
| Preload is the volume at the ________ of _____________ /_______ aka end ____________ volume | end of relaxation/filling; end diastolic volume |
| A larger ________ stretches the ventricles | EDV |
| Stretching the ventricles creates optimal... | Optimal length of sarcomeres prior to contraction |
| Larger EDV stretching the ventricles to create optimal length of sarcomeres prior to contraction for a stronger/ more forceful contraction is known as the _______-___________ _______ of the heart | Frank-Starling Law of the Heart |
| ___________ is influenced by venous return | EDV |
| ____________ ____________ is influenced by venoconstriciton, muscle pump, and respiratory pump | Venous Return |
| ___________ is pressure (in aorta) that must be overcome before ventricular ejection | Afterload |
| Increasing afterload _____________ stroke volume | Decreases |
| ___________ is minimized during exercise due to reductions in total peripheral resistance | Afterload |
| ______________ is the strength of contraction at given preload | Contractility |
| You can increase the force of myocardial contraction by increasing intracellular ___________ | Calcium |
| Increase preload will __________ stroke volume | Increase |
| Increase afterload will ____________ stroke volume | Decrease |
| Increase contractility will ____________ stroke volume | Increase |
| ___________ ___________ is the hydrostatic pressure exerted by blood on walls of blood vessels | Blood Pressure |
| __________ blood pressure is ventricular contraction | Systolic |
| ___________ blood pressure is ventricular regulation | Diastolic |
| __________ _________ ____________ is the average pressure during cardiac cycle | Mean Arterial Presser |
| Flow of blood= _______/_________ | Change in blood pressure/ resistance |
| Blood flow moves from ______ to ________ pressure | High to low |
| Resistance to flow of blood is influenced by _________ ________ and __________ _____ _________ ___________ | Blood viscosity and length of the blood vessel |
| During exercise the metabolic need for oxygen by the exercising muscle ____________ | Increases |
| Exercising muscles use oxygen to make ______ | ATP |
| Exercising muscles use _____ for muscle contractions | ATP |
| Trained people have a ________ oxygen uptake | higher |
| To increase oxygen delivery to muscles during exercise you must _____________ cardiac output during exercise | Increase |
| HR increases during exercise due to ___________________ withdrawal and ________________ input | Parasympathetic; sympathetic |
| Maximum heart rate decreases with age due to a __________________ intrinsic rate of _________________ cells | Decreased; autorhythmic |
| To increase oxygen delivery to muscles during exercise we can _______________ blood flow from inactive _____________ to the working _____________ _______________ | Redistribute, organs, skeletal muscle |
| Blood flow is redistributed by altering _______________ _________ _____________ | Peripheral vascular resistance |
| Increase sympathetic input to arteries/arterioles causes ___________________ | Vasoconstriction |
| Local factors produced at site of exercising muscle promote ______________ of arterioles and small arteries supplying the muscle | Vasodilation |
| _______________ _______________ works to decrease peripheral resistance and increase blood flow to tissues | Functional Sympatholysis |
| ___________ _____________ is when stroke volume decreases so heart rate drifts up to maintain cardiac output | Cardiovascular drift |
| Increased body termarture that increases skin blood flow and sweating ________________ (increase/decrease) stroke volume | Decreases |
| During HITT training the CV responses will _______________ (mimic/oppose) the VO2 responces | Mimic |
| Systolic blood pressure _________________ during exercise | Increases |
| Diastolic blood pressure _________________ during exercise | stays the same |
| During ________________ exercise systolic and diastolic blood pressure change | Strength |
| Double product= ________ _________ __________x__________ __________ | Systolic blood pressure x Heart Rate |
Created by:
sschichtel