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Dev-PSY Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what age is middle childhood? | 7-12 |
| what is Erikson's industry vs. inferiority? | following adult reality working towards desired wants |
| Piaget's middle childhood logic development theory | logical thinking appears around 7-8, includes reasoning but not abstract scientific thinking |
| when does synaptic pruning of frontal lobes begin? | ~9 |
| which brain lobe grows fastest during middle childhood? | frontal lobe |
| motor skills expand during middle childhood. are children of today more or less proficient physcially than in the past? | less proficient |
| T/F: childhood obesity can cause lasting impacts to physical and emotional health? | T |
| define memory | information-processing perspective on intellectual growth |
| explain memory processing | something enters short term memory, must be processed and practiced into long-term memory or else it will be forgotten |
| 4 memory strategies | rote memorization (repetition), mneumonic devices, chunking, elaboration |
| during middle childhood, females outperform males in which subjects? What do males outperform females in? | reading and writing; spatial ability |
| symptoms of ADHD | working memory inhibition, selective attention, tasks best done under pressure |
| causes of ADHD are... | genetic; lower dopamine output; delayed frontal lobe development/ lower brain center impairment |
| Harter's 5 dimensions of self-esteem: | PPSAB= Peer likeability, physical appearance scholastic achievement, athletic skills, behavioral conduct |
| when does self-esteeem first become an issue? | elementary school |
| internalizing vs externalizing tendencies | internalizing = learned helplessness; intense fear, social inhibition, depression (aka, me from Jr high - junior year) Externalizing = acting on impulses, aggression, disruptive |
| what is prosocial behavior? | sharing, helping, caring actions |
| what is moral disengagement? | rationalizing immoral, uncaring behavior |
| sympathy vs empathy | sympathy is feeling for people, empathy is feeling the same as other people |
| 3 types of aggression | proactive, reactive, relational |
| what is popularity? | being generally well-liked by everyone |
| what is rejection? | when children are disliked due to their problems or differences; occurs when children do NOT fit into dominant group |
| 2 categories of bullying victims: | bully-victim (who is also bullied), classic victim (only bulled, NOT a bully in turn) |
| what are the 2 dimensions of parenting styles? | discipline and love |
| what are the four parenting styles? | authoritative (H-Love, H-discipline) authoritarian (L-love, H-discipline) rejecting-neglecting (L-love, L-discipline) permissive (H-love, L-discipline) |
| parents become authoritative when they are comfortable or uncomfortable with their ethnic identity? | comfortable |
| characteristics of resilient children | often have special talent, proficient emotional regulators, strong faith or sense of meaning, may have genetic hormone profile that helps prevent breakdowns, at least one close relationship with an adult or parent |
| define acculturation | adapting to new culture |
| what is the debate over corporal punishment? | While it leads to immediate cooperation/attention, it encourages violence and reduces prosocial behavior in child |
| risk factors of child maltreatment | parent personality problems, life stress, social isolation, child vulnerabilities |
| consequences of child maltreatment? | child internalizing/externalizing problems, peer rejection, physical health issues later on in life, more likely to enter into abusive love relationships and child maltreatment, ipaired theory of mind abilities and brain development |
| contributing factors to child adjustment after divorce | no parental alienation, children involved in custody plans, joint custody |
Created by:
Tagalog