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Cardiovascular
Medical Terminology Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aorta | The largest artery in the body |
| Apex of the heart | The lower tip of the heart |
| Arteriole | A small artery |
| Artery | The largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body |
| atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) | Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them |
| atrioventricular node (AV node) | Specialized tissue in the wall between atria; electrical impulses pass from pacemaker through AV node and bundle of His toward ventricles |
| atrium (plural: atria) | One of two upper chambers of the heart |
| Capillary | The smallest blood vessel |
| Carbon dioxide (CO2) | Waste gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to lungs for exhalation |
| Coronary arteries | Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle |
| Deoxygenated blood | Oxygen-poor blood |
| Diastole | Relaxation phase of the heartbeat |
| Electrocardiogram | Record the electricity flowing through the heart |
| Endocardium | Inner lining of the heart |
| Endothelium | Innermost lining of blood vessels |
| Mitral valve | Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid |
| murmur | Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of heart valves |
| Myocardium | Muscular, middle layer of the heart |
| Normal sinus rhythm | Heart rhythm originating in sinoatrial node with resting rate of 60-100 beats/min |
| Oxygen | Gas carried by the blood from the lungs to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells |
| Pacemaker (sinoatrial node) | Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat |
| Pericardium | Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart |
| Pulmonary artery | Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs |
| Pulmonary circulation | Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart |
| Pulmonary valve | Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
| Pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart |
| Pulse | The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries |
| Septum (plural: septa) | A partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as that between the right and left atria and right and left ventricles |
| Sinoatrial node (SA node) | The pacemaker of the heart |
| Sphygmomanometer | An instrument to measure blood pressure |
| Systemic circulation | Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back |
| Systole | The contraction phase of the heartbeat |
| Tricuspid valve | Located between the right atrium and right ventricle; has three leaflets or cusps |
| Valve | A structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows in only one direction |
| vein | A thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart; contains valves to prevent the backflow of blood |
| Vena cava (plural: venae cavae) | The largest vein in the body; superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of heart |
| Ventricle | One of two lower chambers of the heart |
| Venule | A small vein |
| angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arter/o | artery |
| arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | yellowish plaque |
| atri/o | atrium |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cardi/o | heart |
| cholesterol/o | cholesterol |
| coron/o | heart |
| cyan/o | blue |
| myx/o | mucus |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| pericardi/o | pericardium |
| phleb/o | vein |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| steth/o | Chest |
| thromb/o | clot |
| valvul/o | valve |
| valv/o | valve |
| vas/o | vessel |
| vascul/o | vessel |
| ven/o, ven/i | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle |
| aneurysm/o | aneurysm |
| angi/o | vessel |
| -constriction | narrowing |
| -dilation | widening; stretching; expanding |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -lysis | breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -meter | measure |
| -oma | tumor; mass; fluid collection |
| -osis | condition; usually abnormal |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -sclerosis | hardening |
| -stenosis | tightening; structure |
| -tomy | process of cutting |
| a-, an | no; not; without |
| brady- | slow |
| de- | lack of; down; less; removal of |
| dys- | bad; painful; difficult; abnormal |
| endo- | in; within |
| hyper- | above; excessive |
| hypo- | deficient; below; under; less than normal |
| inter- | between |
| peri- | surrounding |
| tachy- | fast |
| tetra- | four |
| tri- | three |
| Carotid arteries supply | to the head and neck |
| The pulmonary artery does what? | Takes O2 poor blood from right side of the heart to lungs |
| The pulmonary vein does what? | Bring O2 rich oxygen from the lungs to the left side of the heart. |
| atriums are the two at the? | Top |
| Ventricles are the two at the? | Bottom |
| Superior Vena Cava | Drains O2 poor blood from Upper body |
| Inferior Vena Cava | Drains O2 poor blood from the lower body |
| interatrial septum | separates the two upper chambers |
| interventricular septum | separates the two lower chambers |
| visceral pericardium | inner layer surrounding the heart |
| Parietal Pericardium | Outer layer surrounding the heart |
| arrythmias | abnormal heart rhythms |
| cardiac vs biventricular pacemaker | Cardiac Pacemaker overcomes arrythmias. Biventricular pacemakers treat delays and abnormalities in ventricular contractions, and congestive heart failure. Biventricular pacemakers go to each ventricle instead of just the right. |
| palpitations | uncomfortable sensations in chest from missed heart beats |
| Watchman device | device to stop clots from leaving heart to brain |
| fibrillation | rapid random inefficient and irregular contractions |
| catheter ablation | destroys tissues causing arrythmias. |
| coarctation | narrowing |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | In newborns the aorta can have a passage to the pulmonary artery |
| septal defects | holes in the septum |
| edema | fluid accumulation |
| coronary artery disease | disease in the arteries surrounding heart |
| congestive heart failure | Heart unable to pump enough blood |
| infarct | dead cardial tissue |
| aneurysm | local widening dilation of an arterial wall |
| varicose vein | failure of valve leading to pooling of blood |
| embolus or emboli-(plural) | clot going the distance to stop and block a random blood vessel |
| occlusion | closure of blood vessel from blockage |
| vegetation | clumps of clots on diseased heart valves |
| patent | open |
| auscultation | Listening for sounds using a stethoscope |
| angina, pain from what? | chest pain from myocardial ischemia |
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JoshuaB5