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Eyes & Ears
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sound waves | changes in air pressure |
| Sclera | white, fibrous, rubberlike protective globe around the entire eye that is transparent in the front |
| Cornea | front of sclera, main refractive medium of the eye, focuses light onto the retina |
| Conjunctiva | mucus membrane that covers front of eye (bacterial infections here are pinkeye) |
| Retina | layer of photoreceptor cells & Nerves. Rods and cones |
| Rod cells | sensitive to light |
| Cone cells | sensitive to color |
| Optic disc | area of retina that has no receptors cells, this is your blind spot |
| Choroid | layer directly deeper than retina that absorbs and prevents scattering of light |
| Vitreous humor | a gelatinous fluid filling the majority of the eye aiding in refraction |
| Aqueous humor | extracellular fluid (in front of lens) |
| Lens | refracts light, focuses light on retina (why we need glasses, contacts, or laser surgery) |
| Suspensory ligaments | hold lens in place, control shape of lens |
| Iris | the part of your eye that is colorful, controls light input |
| Pupil | the "hole" to which light enters the eye |
| Tear function | lubricate the eye and remove debris and bacteria |
| Occipital lobe | where the signals are sent to after going through the optic nerve |
| External ear function | collect sound waves (air pressure) and transmit them to the eardrum |
| Middle ear function | ossicles. Amplify the mechanical energy and send it to the oval window |
| Auditory system | The mechanical energy from middle ear to oval window continues to fluid system (perilymph) inside the cochlea. This transmits waves to deeper endolymph fluid. This activates the hairs (receptor cells) to create the sensory impulse sent to brain |
| Vestibular system | part of inner ear, semicircular canals contain endolymph. Movement of perilymph acts on endolymph to create electrochemical signals sent to brain. At base of semicir. canal is the ampulla, where rotational movement is sensed. Round window= linear movement |
| Cataracts | broken down proteins from the lens. Cloudy/opaque eyes |
| Binocular vision | right eye signals to left side of brain, left eye signals to right side of brain |
| Linear movement | static balance (not moving). Saccule and Utricle |
| Rotational movement | dynamic balance (moving). Ampulla |
| Intraocular pressure (IOP) | pressure from vitreous humor pushing against the lens |
| Extraocular muscles | allow you to track with CNS mechanisms and binocular movement of both eyes |
| Intrinsic muscles | control the shape/ curvature of your lens and the amount of light that goes in your eye. Ciliary muscle contraction |
Created by:
epfaff