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Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Communication | process of sharing information and involves communicative functions |
| communicative functions | e.g.: seeking social interactions, requesting objects, sharing ideas |
| communication disorder | impairs the ability to transmit or receive ideas, facts, feelings and desires and may involve language or speech or both |
| Language | communication of ideas through arbitrary system of symbols used according to certain rules that determine rules |
| expressive language | Encoding or sending messages |
| Receptive language | decoding or understanding messages |
| Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) | for people with disability involving physical movements of speech may consist of alternatives to the speech sounds of oral language |
| Speech disorder | impairments in the production and use of oral language |
| Language disorder | problems with comprehension and expression |
| Phonology | the rules governing speech sounds - particular sounds and how they are sequenced |
| Morphology | rules that govern alterations of the internal organization of words |
| Syntax | organization of sentence structure |
| Semantics | Rules about attaching meanings and concepts to words |
| Pragmatics | rules about using language for social purposes |
| Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) | special and general education teachers need greater knowledge of communication disorders, and teachers need to be more involved in helping students learn to communicate effectively |
| Dialects | Systematic language variations that are rule governed |
| Primary language disorder | no cause |
| Secondary language disorder | caused by another condition such at intellectual disability |
| Specific language impairment(SLI)/ Developmental language disorder (DLD) | a neurodevelopment language disorder that has no identifiable cause |
| Early expressive language delay (EELD) | a significant lag in expressive language that the child may not outgrow |
| Language-based reading impairment | a reading problem based on a language disorder |
| Phonological disorders | younger 9 years old; do not understand pronunciation rules |
| Phonological awareness | understanding of sound structure of language |
| Larynx | the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box. |
| aphonia | loss of voice |
| resonance | voice quality |
| cleft palate | common congenital birth defect where the roof of the mouth does not fully fuse during development, leaving an opening between the mouth and nose |
| dysfluencies | hesitations, reputations, and other interruptions of normal speech flow |
| stuttering | part-word repetition |
| dysarthria | controlling speech sounds |
| apraxia | coordinating speech |
| Developmental apraxia | characterized by a disruption of motor planning and programing so that speech is slow, effortful, and inconsistent |
| Acquired apraxia | occurs if there is a stroke or other type of brain damage after learning speech |
| Decoding | ability to transfer the written words into speech |
| dynamic assessment | how the students preforms with and without support |
| Curriculum based and communication assessment (CBLA) | measures the communication skills required to participate in school curriculum and the strategies the student employees to complete curriculum task |
| milieu | strategy to teach functional language skills in the natural environment |
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user-2015778