mistake to believe something just because you dont have evidence that it is false since more investigation could show that it is false and critical thinking requires looking for evidence when one can

Unacceptable Testimony:

mistake to accept a testimony from a witness if the topic is inappropriate, witness is not properly trained or informed, or if the witness is biased because such evidence is unacceptable

mistake to ask a question that is ambiguous, contains charged or slanted words, or hides a controversial presupposition because it makes it harder to know what the person answering the question really believes

t is a mistake to reason with a false disjunction. It is a mistake because an argument with a false premise is not sound.

Affirming a Disjunct.

It is a mistake to conclude that one disjunct is true just because the other one is false. This is a mistake because it involves a missing premise.

Denying the Antecedent.

It is a mistake to reason as follows: If P, then Q; it is not the case that P; so, it is not the case that Q. It is a mistake because this form of reasoning is not always valid.

Affirming the Consequent.

It is a mistake to reason as follows: If P, then Q; it is the case that Q, so it is the case that P. It is a mistake because this form of reasoning is not always valid.

It is a mistake to raise irrelevant matters when criticizing someone's beliefs or reasons. This is a mistake because it is rude and because it makes it harder to find the truth together.

It is a mistake to distort or misrepresent another person's views or reasons. It is a mistake because it is rude and also because it makes it harder to find the truth together.

To equivocate is to use words in different senses without realizing it. This is a mistake because it is hard to know if an assertion is true if we are not clear about what it means.

False Conditional (Slippery Slope) Fallacy

It is a mistake to reason with an extremely false causal conditional. It is a mistake because the argument is not sound.

It is a mistake to conclude that one event caused another solely on the grounds that the first preceded the other.

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critical mistakes

Question	Answer
Appeal to Ignorance:	mistake to believe something just because you dont have evidence that it is false since more investigation could show that it is false and critical thinking requires looking for evidence when one can
Unacceptable Testimony:	mistake to accept a testimony from a witness if the topic is inappropriate, witness is not properly trained or informed, or if the witness is biased because such evidence is unacceptable
Bad Question:	mistake to ask a question that is ambiguous, contains charged or slanted words, or hides a controversial presupposition because it makes it harder to know what the person answering the question really believes
False Alternative.	t is a mistake to reason with a false disjunction. It is a mistake because an argument with a false premise is not sound.
Affirming a Disjunct.	It is a mistake to conclude that one disjunct is true just because the other one is false. This is a mistake because it involves a missing premise.
Denying the Antecedent.	It is a mistake to reason as follows: If P, then Q; it is not the case that P; so, it is not the case that Q. It is a mistake because this form of reasoning is not always valid.
Affirming the Consequent.	It is a mistake to reason as follows: If P, then Q; it is the case that Q, so it is the case that P. It is a mistake because this form of reasoning is not always valid.
Red Herring	It is a mistake to raise irrelevant matters when criticizing someone's beliefs or reasons. This is a mistake because it is rude and because it makes it harder to find the truth together.
Strawman	It is a mistake to distort or misrepresent another person's views or reasons. It is a mistake because it is rude and also because it makes it harder to find the truth together.
Equivocation	To equivocate is to use words in different senses without realizing it. This is a mistake because it is hard to know if an assertion is true if we are not clear about what it means.
False Conditional (Slippery Slope) Fallacy	It is a mistake to reason with an extremely false causal conditional. It is a mistake because the argument is not sound.
Post Hoc Fallacy	It is a mistake to conclude that one event caused another solely on the grounds that the first preceded the other.

Created by: aishamahboob

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