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HCI 2 - S3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| F5 | F5 |
| Fitts’ Law in HCI relates to: | Pointer movement time |
| In HCI, experimental units are typically: | Human subjects |
| Which design involves repeated testing over time? | Time-series design |
| Randomization in experiments helps to: | Control hidden factors |
| Loss of subjects during an experiment affects: | Internal validity |
| Which design compares groups that are likely different before the study begins? | Nonequivalent before-after |
| The Hawthorne Effect refers to: | Subjects responding differently because they are being studied |
| Significance tests are used to: | Compare observed data with hypotheses |
| Which threat involves the control group unintentionally receiving the treatment? | Treatment diffusion |
| Which design includes only a posttest after treatment? | One-shot case study |
| A study is conducted to test a new diet plan. Participants are not randomly assigned, but both groups are tested before and after. What design is this? | Nonequivalent pretest-posttest |
| A researcher notices that the control group starts using techniques from the treatment group. What threat is present? | Treatment diffusion |
| A researcher tests a new training program on one group and compares pretest and posttest scores. What design is this? | One-group pretest-posttest |
| A researcher uses a random digit table to assign participants to groups. What is the purpose of this? | Control hidden variables |
| A researcher compares two groups after treatment but did not check if they were similar before the study. What is a potential issue here? | Lack of pretest |
| A researcher compares two groups that are known to differ before the experiment. What design is this? | Nonequivalent before-after |
| A group of students drops out of a study before the posttest. What threat to validity is this? | Loss of subjects |
| In a study, participants improve performance simply because they know they are being observed What effect is this? | Hawthorne effect |
| A company tests two interface designs by randomly assigning users and measuring satisfaction before and after use. What design is this? | Pretest-posttest equivalent |
| A researcher wants to test a new keyboard layout. Participants are randomly assigned and only posttest data is collected What design is used? | Posttest equivalent |
| Which method is commonly used for randomization in modern HCI studies? | Random digit table |
| Which design uses both pretest and posttest but without random assignment? | Quasi-experimental |
| Which design compares two groups, one treated and one untreated, after treatment? | Static-group comparison |
| Which of the following is a type of true experimental design? | Solomon four-group |
| Which design is considered the most accurate in experimental research? | True experimental |
| A control group works harder to outperform the experimental group. What threat is this? | John Henry effect |
| A study compares reading speed on mobile vs desktop. The hypothesis states no difference. What type of hypothesis is this? | Null hypothesis |
| A researcher wants to test a new app feature. They randomly assign users and use both pretest and posttest. What design is this? | Pretest-posttest equivalent |
| In a study, the control group performs poorly because they feel left out of the treatment. What threat is this? | Control group demoralization1 |
| A study on a new medication uses random assignment and measures outcomes only after treatment. What design is this? | Posttest equivalent |
| A teacher compares two classes: one uses a new reading strategy, the other does not. No random assignment is done. What design is this? | Quasi-experimental |
| What is the primary goal of experimental research in HCI? | To identify causal relationships |
| A researcher observes that students in the control group are copying techniques from the experimental group. What threat is this? | Treatment diffusion |
| A study finds that students improved in math scores, but the improvement may be due to natural development over time. What threat is this? | Maturation |
| A researcher uses four groups to test the effect of pretesting and treatment. What design is this? | Solomon four-group |
| A control group feels discouraged because they didn’t receive the new teaching method. What threat is this? | Control group demoralization |
| In a study, students are taught using a new method Their performance is measured only after the teaching. What design is used? | One-shot case study |
| A teacher implements a new teaching strategy and measures student performance weekly for 2 months. What design is this? | Time-series |
| A researcher wants to test if a new mobile app improves user productivity. They assign users randomly to either use the app or not. What type of design is this? | True experimental |
| Children naturally improve in reading over time, regardless of treatment. What threat is this? | Maturation |
| F6 | F6 |
| What is the square of the standard deviation called? | Variance |
| What is the main purpose of statistical analysis in HCI? | To find patterns and relationships in data |
| What is the first step in quantitative data analysis? | Cleaning up data |
| What does covariance measure? | Joint variability of two variables |
| What does Pearson’s r measure? | Correlation |
| In SPSS, how should data be arranged for a paired-samples t-test? | In separate columns for each group |
| What is the formula for degrees of freedom in a chi-square test? | (Rows - 1) × (Columns - 1) |
| What does standard deviation measure? | Spread of data |
| What is the formula for calculating range? | Highest value - lowest value |
| What is the purpose of coding data before analysis? | To prepare data for statistical software |
| What is the most frequently occurring value in a data set? | Mode |
| What is the range of values for Pearson’s r? | -1 to 1 |
| Which analysis method is used when comparing two unrelated groups? | Independent-samples t-test |
| What is the central value in a data set called? | Median |
| Which test is used to analyze the association between categorical variables? | Chi-square test |
| What type of data involves two variables? | Bivariate |
| What type of data involves three or more variables? | Multivariate |
| What software is commonly used for statistical analysis in HCI research? | IBM SPSS |
| What does a frequency distribution table show? | Data and how often they occur |
| Which of the following is a threat to internal validity? | Control group demoralization |
| In a study, students in one school receive a new curriculum, while another school continues with the old one. No random assignment is done. What design is this? | Quasi-experimental |
| Which of the following is NOT a component of an experiment? | Hypothesis |
| A researcher wants to test a new e-learning platform. They assign students randomly and use both pretest and posttest. What is the best design to use? | Pretest-posttest equivalent |
| A researcher wants to test the effect of a new app feature. They use four groups to test the effect of pretesting and treatment. What design is this? | Solomon four-group |
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