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Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asthma | a chronic condition where airways become inflamed and narrowed making breathing difficult |
| Punctured Lung | a collapsed lung caused by air leaking into the space around it |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis | scarring of lung tissue that makes it hard to breathe |
| Pulmonary Edema | fluid buildup in the lungs that interferes with oxygen exchange |
| Hyperventilate | breathing too quickly causing low carbon dioxide levels |
| Diffusion | movement of gases from high to low concentration |
| Inspiration | the act of breathing air into the lungs |
| Expiration | the act of breathing air out of the lungs |
| Respiratory Rate | the number of breaths taken per minute |
| Pulse Oximetry | a test that measures oxygen levels in the blood |
| Peak Expiratory Flow PEF | the fastest speed air can be exhaled from the lungs |
| Peak Expiratory Flow Rate PEFR | measurement of how quickly air is expelled during exhalation |
| Forced Expiratory Volume FEV1 | amount of air exhaled in the first second of a forced breath |
| Bronchodilator | medication that relaxes and opens airways |
| Upper Respiratory Tract | includes nose nasal cavity pharynx and larynx and conducts air |
| Larynx | voice box that helps produce sound and protects airway |
| Pharynx | throat passageway for air and food |
| Nasal cavity | space inside the nose that filters warms and moistens air |
| Lower Respiratory Tract | includes trachea bronchi bronchioles and lungs |
| Bronchi | main airways that branch from the trachea into the lungs |
| Bronchioles | smaller branches of bronchi that lead to alveoli |
| Alveoli | tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs |
| Trachea | windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs |
| Lungs | organs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged |
| Right Superior Lobe Right Upper | top section of the right lung |
| Right Medial Lobe Right Middle | middle section of the right lung |
| Right Inferior Lobe Right Lower | bottom section of the right lung |
| Left Superior Lobe Left Upper | top section of the left lung |
| Left Inferior Lobe Left Lower | bottom section of the left lung |
| Horizontal Fissure | separates upper and middle lobes of the right lung |
| Oblique Fissure | separates lung lobes diagonally in both lungs |
| Diaphragm | muscle below lungs that helps control breathing |
| Cartilaginous rings | C shaped rings in the trachea that keep it open |
| Epiglottis | flap that prevents food from entering the airway |
| Respiratory zone | area where gas exchange occurs |
| Conducting zone | airways that carry air but do not exchange gases |
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