Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| allele | different forms of a gene that determines a specific trait |
| DNA | is the molecule carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms, deoxyribonucleic acid |
| gene | a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring |
| trait | characteristics of an organism, such as eye color, that are determined by genes inherited from parents |
| dominant | a genetic characteristic that appears in an individual if they inherit just one copy of the gene for that trait from either parent, overpowering a recessive trait |
| recessive | a gene or trait only shows up in an organism's appearance if two copies are inherited, one from each parent |
| genotype | the specific genetic makeup or set of genes an organism carries (e.g., AA, Aa, or aa) inherited from its parents |
| phenotype | the observable physical characteristic, trait, or behavior of an organism, such as eye color, height, or blood type |
| heterozygous | having two different versions of a specific gene, one inherited from each parent |
| homozygous | having two identical versions of a specific gene, one inherited from each parent |
| hybrid | having two different versions of a specific gene, one inherited from each parent |
| purebred | having two identical versions of a specific gene, one inherited from each parent |
| Punnett Square | a simple, four-box grid diagram used in science to predict the potential genetic makeup (genotypes) of offspring from two parents |
| heredity | the biological process of passing physical or mental characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring through genes |
| Gregor Mendel | scientist known as the "father of genetics" for discovering the fundamental laws of inheritance |
| Non Mendelian genetics | Inheritance patterns that depart from simple dominant/recessive rules, where traits are influenced by incomplete dominance, codominance, & sex-linkage |
| Mendelian genetics | Discovered by Mendel- offspring inherit two alleles for each gene—one from each parent—with dominant alleles masking/covering recessive ones. |
| Sex-linked traits | Are characteristics controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes (X or Y), primarily the X chromosome in humans Because males (XY) have only one X chromosome, they express sex linked traits more frequently than females (XX) |
| Incomplete Dominance | neither allele is fully dominant over the other instead there is a blending or third phenotype. example: red and white flower produce a pink flower |
| Co-dominance | Instead of one trait being dominant over the other, both traits appear. example red and white flower produce a red and white flower |
Created by:
Mrs. Kalinowski