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WH Unit Imperialism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution (how does it relate to New Imperialism, not just the definition) | It led to New Imperialism by creating a need for materials like coal, rubber and iron. As well as, trains, steamboats, and much more transportation. |
| New Imperialism (specifically) | A period of rapid, aggressive expansion where Western powers, Japan, and the U.S. scrambled to colonize Africa, Asia and the Pacific. |
| Nationalism | Having a strong feeling of pride in your country. |
| Protectorate- | A country with its own government but under the control of an outside power (indirect rule). |
| Spheres of influence | A region or area where one powerful country, organization, or person has significant power to affect decisions, trade, or culture even without directly ruling it. |
| Colony | A territory or group of people under the full/partial political control of a distant “mother” country, usually settled by people from that home country. |
| Balance of Trade | So balance of trade is the difference in value between a country’s exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period of time. |
| Reasons that some critics give for why Imperialism was “wrong” | Some critics believed that Imperialism was wrong because it seems unfair for a larger, wealthier, or more powerful country to take over a weaker or smaller country. |
| What 5 countries colonized China? | France, Germany, Japan, Russia and England |
| Open door policy | The U.S. did not want to take a long time trade partner with the Chinese and did not want to take part in the carving up of China. Fearing that it might be excluded from economic opportunities. |
| Extraterritoriality | Extraterritoriality allowed Europeans and Americans in China to avoid Chinese law. If they committed a crime in China, they would be tried by officials from their own country instead of Chinese courts. |
| Indemnity | China had to pay large amounts of money to foreign countries after losing conflicts or rebellions. |
| Treaty of Nanjing- (3 main effects of it) | - Britain forced China to accept the Treaty of Nanjing. - Britain received a huge indemnity or payment for losses in war. - Britain gained Hong Kong and maintained control until the 1900’s. |
| Opium War | British merchants began making huge profits by trading opium grown in India for Chinese tea, which was popular in Britain. |
| What resources did they have that Europeans wanted? | China wanted tea, silk, porcelain, spices, and opium trade profits. |
| What European country colonized them? | Britain |
| British East India Trading Company- | A British company that traded goods between Britain, India, and China during the time of imperialism. |
| Viceroy | A person chosen by a king or government to rule a colony in their place. |
| Sepoys | Indian soldiers who worked for the British army. |
| Indian National Congress- | Was a group formed by Indians to demand more say in their government under British rule. |
| Muslim League | Wanted to make sure Muslims had a voice in government and later worked for a separate Muslim nation, which became Pakistan. |
| What resources did they have that Europeans wanted? | Spices, cotton, tea, indigo, jute, opium |
| Suez Canal | A man-made waterway in Egypt that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. |
| Muhammad Ali | He was the leader of Egypt and also helped modernize it. |
| What did England and Russia want from Persia (where modern day Iran is)? | Oil |
| 3 Muslim Empires and where each was generally located | Ottoman: Modern day Turkey Safavid: Modern day Iran Mughal: India subcontinent |
| What resources did they have that Europeans wanted? | Oil, markets, and they had significant trade routes like the Suez Canal |
| King Leopold/ Belgium/ Congo (what happened there?) | King Leopold II of Belgium controlled the Congo Free State and forced people to collect rubber and other resources. |
| What 7 countries colonized them? | What 7 countries colonized them? |
| Purpose of the Berlin Conference of 1884 (and where Berlin is located)- | The purpose of the Berlin Conference was for European countries to meet up and set rules for dividing and colonizing Africa. |
| Two African nations that remained independent during the Age of New Imperialism? | Liberia and Ethiopia |
| What 2 European countries colonized MOST (but not all) of Africa? | Great Britain and France |
| What resources did they have that Europeans wanted? | Rubber, gold, diamonds, and ivory. |
| Advantages of the European nations in Imperialism- | Advanced weapons and military, strong navies and ships, better technology and medicine. |
| Purpose of missionaries | The purpose of missionaries is to white wash people and force them to convert to Christianity instead of staying in their own religion. |
| Explain what this famous quote means: “the sun never sets on the BRITISH empire. | This quote means Britain had colonies all over the world, so somewhere in the empire it was already day time. It shows how big and powerful Britain’s empire was. |
| The White Man’s Burden | It was a belief that Europeans thought it was their duty to civilize and help non-European people. It was often used to justify imperialism and control, even though it caused suffering for the people being colonized. |
| The Black Man’s Burden | It showed that instead of helping, African people and other colonized groups suffered from Imperialism. They were forced into labor, and loss of land, showing the true cost of European colonization. The black man writing this was being very sarcastic. |
Created by:
29stickle