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East Asia History 2.
better study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compare and Contrast the economies of China and Japan during the 1980s. | They both had an economic boom during the 80s China was because of the change in economy to free enterprise while Japan was because of their product quality and the fact that it kept getting better as well as treating their workers well. |
| Hong Kong was a trading post of which European country? | britain |
| What is the definition of the term “Spheres of Influence?” | It's where Europeans divided up and ran trading ports and posts in China |
| What was the purpose of the May 4th Movement (1919)? | To protest their resentment for the Treaty of Versailles and Imperialism, as a result nationalism began |
| What political party formed in China in 1921? | The communist party |
| The civil war was between what two groups of people? | Nationalists and Communists |
| What did each group want?- what was their goal(s) | Nationalists-They wanted to strengthen China and manage itself (rule themselves) Communist-They wanted to get rid of foreign influence, they wanted to get rid of landlords and wealthy people |
| What was the Long March? | The communist party had to retreat to the north |
| Why did both sides unite during WWII? | Japan invaded china |
| After WWII who took over Mainland china | The communists |
| Under Communism what does the government own? | everything |
| Who fled to Taiwan and created the Republic of China (ROC)? | The nationalists |
| Who declared Mainland China the “People’s Republic of China?” | Mao Zedong |
| What was the Great Leap Forward (1958-61)? | Rapped industrialization, factories overtaken by the government |
| What are Communes? | Large groups of people worked together on farmland and lived together |
| Why was the Great Leap Forward an epic failure? | Food production drastically fell, led to famine Poor planning by the government Workers are not trained or experienced |
| What could people no longer have a connection to? | Ties to the past |
| Who were students encouraged to rebel against? | Teachers and family |
| Who was part of the Red Guard? | Radicalized students |
| What was the purpose of the Red Guard? | To destroy everything from the past -examples:relics, anything to do with Confusionism, anything to do with religion Artists, teachers and professionals (jobs with education) were killed or sent to prison |
| What are examples of propaganda? | Posters and pamphlets |
| What was the purpose of propaganda? | So that the government could get their point across |
| What was the Cult of Personality? | Mao referred to “Great” leader, huge images of him across China |
| What event allowed “Ping-Pong” diplomacy to occur? | In the early 1970s the US and China's ping-pong teams played each other |
| What was the result of “Ping-Pong” diplomacy? | President Nixon visits China, relations between the US and China improves |
| What is the definition of “Free enterprise” | An economic system where people can own businesses with limited state control |
| What economic changes were made in China during the 1980s? | People can now choose their own jobs, own businesses, and choose what crops to grow You can make profits |
| Why were these economic reforms limited? | The government still owns some businesses and intervenes in others |
| What type of leader ruled Japan during WWII | emperor |
| What did the citizens of Japan show towards Emperor Hirohito? | Extreme loyalty |
| What territory did Japan control during WWII? | Korea, parts of China, South East Asia, Indonesia, Philippines, and most Pacific Islands |
| What did Japan lack, which they were hoping to gain more of by creating an empire? | oil |
| Where is Pearl Harbor? | HI, USA |
| What happened at Pearl Harbor? | Japan surprise attacks US military at Pearl Harbor |
| Why was it unsuccessful? | They didn't get all the ships - US aircraft carriers were not at Pearl Harbor They failed to destroy important infrastructure such as oil storage tanks The US joined WWII |
| What country used Kamikazes? | Japan |
| What was the purpose of kamikazes? | To fly a plane into an enemy target to destroy it |
| Who was General Douglas MacArthur | Main US general in the war against Japan |
| What was the purpose of island hopping? | To take over islands to get closer to Japan |
| What was the United States main goal for island hopping? | to get close enough to Japan to attack through air strike |
| Why does Japan surrender to end WWII? | The US drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
| What is the role of Japan’s Emperor after WWII? | remains figure-head, symbolic |
| What is Japan not allowed to have after the war? | An army |
| How did the US help Japan economically after the war? | The US provided financial aid to rebuild Japan's industries |
| There was an Economic boom during the 1980s and 1990s. What led to this economic growth? | Companies kept trying to make their product better Japan's government economically supported businesses Businesses provided incentives (benefits) to workers to show loyalty |
| Who controls Korea during WWII? | japan |
| Where did the UN divide Korea? | Along the 38th parallel |
| Immediately after WWII what foreign country was involved with north and south korea | North Korea= soviet South Korea= US |
| What is the dividing of the Koreas similar to? (has to do with Europe). | Dividing into east and west Germany along the Berlin wall |
| Who was the Korean War between? | North korea vs the republic of korea |
| How does the Korean War start? | Kim il-sung Invades South-1950 |
| Why does the US intervene in Korea? | To prevent Korea from falling to communism like China |
| What was the domino theory? | if one country become communist, all surrounding countries will too |
| How does the US get support for their intervention? | It was supported as a UN police action |
| Who invaded and fought for North Korea in 1951? | China |
| Was it a constant fight or more of a stalemate? | stalemate |
| Who helped with negotiations? | The UN |
| What new border was agreed to? | A DMZ |
| What was the importance of the new border? | No people or supplies can cross the border No troops or weapons allowed |
| Why is the War forgotten? | It was overshadowed by WWII and the vietnam war |
| What is an example of the Cold War? | A war that the US joins to stop the spread of communism |
| How is the Korean War an example of the effectiveness of UN? | The UN was a brand new governing body It proved it can handle international affairs |
| North Korea Government: | Dictatorship-Communism |
| north Korea economy | All industries and land owned by the government |
| north Korea current issues | They are militarized society-always threatening to use nuclear weapons Sanctions-penalties placed on a country by others |
| South Korea government | Democratic-republic |
| South Korea economy | Free Enterprise-Capitalist-Industrialized |
| South Korea current issues | They lack natural resources so they have to constantly trade for them Constantly in fear that North Korea will attack Corrupt leaders |
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