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Rad/Dent Imaging
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ALARA concept | concept of radiation protection that states that all exposures should be kept "as low as reasonably achievable" |
| Anode | posititve electrode in xray tube |
| Atom | basic unit of matter |
| Bremsstrahlung radiation | "braking radiation": the sudden deceleration of electrons as they interacts with highly positively charged nuclei |
| Cathode | the negative electrode in the xray tube |
| Central ray | xrays at the center of the beam |
| Contrast | differences in degrees of blackness on an image |
| Control panel | The portion of the x-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button. |
| Density | overall darkness of blackness of an image |
| Dental radiography | the process of recording images of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to xradiation |
| Digital imaging | filmless method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, electronic signal, computer to process and store the image. |
| Distortion | change in size of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation |
| Dose (of radiation) | amount of energy absorbed by tissues |
| Dosimeter | devide used to detect and measure an adcumulated dosage of radtion |
| Electron | negatively charged particle in the atom |
| Energy | ability to do work |
| Extension arm | flexible arm that is attatched to the xray tubehead |
| Genetic effects | effects of radiation that are passed onto future generations through genetic cells |
| Image | film based or digitally produced recordings of anatomic structures |
| Image receptor | a recording medium for an image, normally film, phosphor storage plate, or digital plate |
| Intensity | total energy of the xray beam |
| Ion | electrically charged particle |
| Ionization | process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans |
| Ionizing radiation | radiation that produces ionization, resulting in harmful effects |
| Kilovoltage peak (kVp) | highest voltage of xray tube used during an exposure |
| Latent period | time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms |
| Lead apron | device used to protext the reproductive and blood-forming tissues from scatter radiation |
| Magnification | the proportional enlargement of an image |
| Master switch, indicator light, selector buttons, exposure button | components of control panel |
| Matter | anything that occupies space and has form or shape |
| Milliampere (mA) | 1/1k of an amepere; unit of measurement used to desc intensity of an electrical current |
| Penumbra | blurred or indistinct are that surrounds an image |
| Personal radiation monitoring badge | device that measures exposure of personnel to ionizing radiation by measuring the intensity of visible light emmitted from a crystal in the detector when heated. the intensity of light emitted is dependent upon the radiation exposure. |
| Photon | a minute (tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass |
| Primary beam | the msot penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode |
| Primary radiation | same as primary beam |
| Quality | the mean energy of penetrating ability of the xray beam |
| Quantity | The number of x-rays produced in the dental unit; the quantity of x-rays produced is controlled by milliamperage. |
| Radiation | Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material. |
| Radiograph | Image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it |
| Radiology | the science or study of radiation as used in medicine |
| Scatter radiation | form of secondary radiation that occurs when an xray beam has beem deflected from its path by interaction with matter |
| Secondary radiation | x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter |
| Sensor | solid state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric circuit |
| Sharpness | measure of how well an image reproduces that fine details or outlines of an object |
| Somatic effects | effects of radiation that cause illness and are resonsible for poor health but are not passed onto offspring |
| Thyroid collar | a flexible lead sheidl that is places securely around the neck |
| Tubehead | the part of the x-ray unit that contains the x-ray tube, the high-voltage and low transformers, and insulating oil |
| Tungsten target | A focal spot int he anode |
| X-radiation | High-energy ionizing electromagnetic radiation. |
| Auto processor | Machine that automates all film processing steps. |
| Beam alignment device | Assists in the positioning of the position indicator device (PID). |
| Bitewing | Image view that shows the crowns of both arches on one film. |
| Calcium tungstate | Common type of phosphor. |
| Cassette | Contains extraoral films during exposure. |
| Cephalometric film | Cephalometric film Shows the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile. |
| Charge-coupled device (CCD) | A solid-state image sensor used in intraoral digital imaging. |
| Digital image | Electronic signals captured by sensors and displayed on digital imaging. |
| Digitize | Scanning of traditional film-based radiographs into a digital image. |
| Duplicating film | Film designed for use in film duplicating machines. |
| Emulsion | A coating on the x-ray film that contains energy-sensitive crystals. |
| Extraoral film | Film designed for use in cassettes. |
| Film speed | The sensitivity of the emulsion on the film to radiation |
| Intensifying screen | The part inside an extraoral cassette that converts x-ray energy into visible light, which in turn exposes screen film |
| Intraoral film | Film designed for placement in the patient’s mouth. |
| Label side | Colored side of the film that faces the tongue. |
| Latent image | The invisible image on the x-ray film after exposure but before processing. |
| Occlusal | Radiographic view that shows large areas of the maxilla or |
| Panoramic film | Used in cassettes to provide a wide view of both the upper and lower jaws. |
| Periapical | Radiographic view that shows the crown, root tip, and surrounding structures. |
| Phosphor storage plate (PSP) | Reusable film-sized plates coated with phosphor as the image receptor. |
| Positioning instruments | Intraoral devices used to position and hold the film, sensor, or PSP. |
| Processing | A series of steps that change exposed film into a ra |
| Radiograph | Image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it. |
| Teledentistry | Process of using electronic transfer of images and other information for consultation and/or insurance purposes in dentistry |
| Tube side | Solid white side of the film packet that faces the x-ray tube. |
Created by:
ho.julie