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Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Heredity the way organisms pass traits (characteristics) on to their offspring
Genetics the study of how traits are passed down through a population.
A gene a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.
Different forms of genes are called alleles.
phenotype the physical expression of a gene caused by the genotype.
genotype the genetic makeup of a gene, which we write in letter pairs.
Homozygous dominant: Both alleles are dominant
Heterozygous: One dominant allele, one recessive allele
Homozygous recessive: Both alleles are recessive
Punnett Square. A tool used to make genetic predictions in a population
Principle of independent assortment genes for different traits are passed down independently from each other.
Polygenic traits controlled by two or more genes
The internal and external environments of an organism affects how traits are expressed
Somatic (body) cells Two sets of chromosomes (diploid)
Reproductive cells (gametes) One set of chromosomes (haploid)
Homologous chromosomes have matching genes.
tetrad One pair of replicated, homologous chromosomes
Codominance heterozygous phenotype fully displays both alleles.
Created by: Studiostaff
 

 



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