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Bio quiz on Eyes
I NEED TO PASS BIOLOGY CLASS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sclera | White, fibrous, rubberlike protective globe around the entire eye that is transparent in the front |
| Cornea | Front of sclera, main refractive medium of eye, focuses light onto the retina |
| Conjunctiva | Mucus membrane that covers the front of the eye |
| Retina | Layer of photoreceptor cells and nerves |
| Rod cells* | Sensitive to light |
| Cone cells* | Sensitive to color |
| Optic Disc | Area of the retina that has no receptors cell (this is your blind spot) |
| Choroid | Layer directly deeper than retina that absorbs and prevents scattering of light fluids |
| Vitreous Humor* | A gelatinous fluid filling the majority of the eye aiding in refraction |
| Aqueous Humor* | Extracellular fluid (in front of the lens) |
| Lens | Refracts light, focuses light on the retina (why we need glasses, contacts, or laser surgery) |
| Suspensory Ligaments | Hold lens in place, control the shape of the lens |
| Iris | The part of your eye that is colorful (blue, brown, green, etc), controls light input |
| Pupil | The 'hole' to which light enters the eye |
| Structures | Lacrimal gland, tear, conjunctiva, lacrimal puncta, canal, nasolacrimal duct |
| Function of tears | To lubricate the eye and remove debris and bacteria |
| Extraocular Muscles | The extraocular (extrinsic) muscles of the eye provide for a remarkable tracking capacity of the eye. CNS mechanisms permit conjugate (binocular) movement of both eyes. |
| Intrinsic Muscles | The intrinsic muscles are located in the ciliary body and the iris. Contraction of the ciliary muscles wrinkles the ciliary body tissue and puts slack in the processes, giving laxity to the suspensory ligaments which permits the lens to round up. (night) |
| Visual Pathways | Remember that the visual field from both eyes enters each side of the brain. The retina leads to the optic nerve, half of which extend to the opposite thalamus & midbrain. The occipital lobe is the main system responsible for visual perception. |