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Chapter 17 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Energy | Is the ability to do work or cause a change |
| Kinetic Energy | Is the energy that an object has due to its motion |
| Potential Energy | Is energy that an object has because of its position or shape |
| Combustion | Is the process in which a fuel burns because it combines rapidly with oxygen |
| Energy Efficiency | Is an expression of how much of the energy put into a system actually does useful work |
| Renewable Energy | Are nearly always available somewhere on Earth's surface, or they are replaced in a relatively short time |
| Nonrenewable Energy | In contrast, cannot be replaced |
| Electricity | Which is energy made available by the flow of an electric charge, is considered a secondary source of energy, because it must be produced using a primary energy resource |
| Strip Mining | Is the extraction of a mineral by removing a strip of the layers of soil and rock on top of the mineral deposit |
| Subsurface Mining | Is typically the practice of digging shafts deep into the ground to find and remove a mineral |
| Petroleum | Is a dark, liquid fossil fuel , made up mostly of hydrocarbons |
| Petrochemicals | Are chemical compounds that are derived from oil and used to make products |
| Oil Sands | Are deposits of moist sand and clay containing bitumen |
| Oil Shale | Is rock filled with a mixture of hydrocarbons |
| Methane Hydrate | Is an ice like solid that consists of molecules of methane within a crystal network of water molecules |
| Acid Drainage | Occurs when sulfide minerals in exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid |
| Energy Conservation | Is the practice of reducing energy use to meet those goals |
| Nuclear Energy | Is the energy that holds these particles together in the nucleus |
| Nuclear Fission | Is the splitting of an atom's nucleus into two smaller nuclei |
| Nuclear Reactor | Which generates electricity by controlled fission reactions |
| Meltdown | When fuel rods produce so much heat that they melt |
| Nuclear Waste | Which is radioactive material left over from the production of energy and other processes |
| Nuclear Fusion | Small nuclei of lightweight elements are forced together to form a heavier nucleus |
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