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chapter 17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| energy | the ability to do work or cause a change |
| kietic energy | the energy produced by motion |
| potential energy | the energy that an object has because of its position or shape |
| combustion | burning the chemical reaction when fuel combines rapidly with oxygen |
| energy efficiency | an expression of how much of the energy put into a system actually does useful works |
| renewable energy | an energy resource that is readily available or that can be replaced in a relatively short time includes wind moving water sunlight and wood |
| nonrenewable | a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption |
| energy | the ability to do work or cause a change |
| electricity | the energy produced by the flow and interaction of electrons |
| strip mining | a type of mining which layers of surface soil and rock are removed from large areas to expose the resource |
| subsurface mining | a type of mining in which vertical shafts are dug deep into the ground and networks of horizontal tunnels are dug for blasted out to follow deposits of a resource |
| petroleum | a liquid fossil fuels made up mostly of hydrocarbons the primary source of gasoline |
| petrochemicals | a chemical compound derived from oil that is used to make plastics detergents and other products |
| oil sands | a deposit of moist sand and clay that can be mined to extract bitumen an oil rich hydrocarbon |
| oil shale | rock that contains hydrocarbons can be burned directly or processed to extract liquid petroleum |
| methane hydrate | an ice like solid that consists of molecules of methane within a crystal network network of water molecules can be burned to release energy |
| acid drainage | a type of mining pollution that occurs when oxygen and rain water oxygen and rain water react with newly exposed rock that contains iron sulfide |
| energy conservation | reducing energy use to prolong the supply of fossil fuels |
| nuclear energy | the energy that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucles of an atom |
| nuclear fission | the conversion of the energy within an atoms nucleus to usable thermal energy by splitting apart atomic nuclei |
| nuclear reactor | a facility within a nuclear power plant that generate electricity through controlled nuclear fission |
| meltdown | the accidental melting of the uranium fuel rods inside the core of a nuclear reactor causing the release |
| nuclear waste | the radioactive material left over from the production of energy and other processes in nuclear power plant |
| nuclear fusion | the conversion of the energy within an atoms nucleus to useable thermal energy by splitting apart atomics nuclei |
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