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Vowels
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| vowel | speech sounds that is characterized by open vocal folds that are voiced; loudest phonemes that are the nucleus of a syllable and there is one vowel per syllable |
| monophthong | a vowel characterized by a single, unchanging sounds with minimal movement of the tongue; 14 |
| diphthong | 2 sounds within one syllable the move through articulators from onglide to offglide |
| phonemic diphthong | cannot be reduced to pure vowel and maintain identity; 3 of them; /au/, /aI/, /open o I/ |
| nonphonemic diphthong | can be reduced to pure vowel and maintain identity; /ou/, /eI/ |
| onglide | first sound of diphthong, low position in the mouth that is longer in duration and acoustically prominent |
| offglide | second sound of diphthong that is higher in the mouth and shorter in duration |
| 4 characteristics of vowels | tongue advancement, tongue height, tongue tension, lip rounding |
| tongue advancement | position of tongue body in oral cavity |
| tongue height | jaw opening; position of tongue in oral cavity |
| tongue tension | lax (shorter duration) or tense (longer duration) |
| lip rounding | whether or not lips are rounded in vowel production |
| vowel quadrilateral | a representation of the human mouth showing the 14 monophthongs and where they are located in tongue advancement and height |
| corner vowels | most extreme positions of the tongue advancement and height |
| open "o" | /o/ |
| schwa | /ə/; unstressed syllables |
| schwar | /ɚ /; unstressed syllables |
| epsilon | /ε/ |
| reversed hooked epsilon | /ɝ/; stressed syllables |
| ash | /æ/ |
| upsilon | / |
Created by:
zoedinius