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T3 Theory Pt 2

Sociology and Values

QuestionAnswer
According to Durkheim, how do Social Facts allow Sociology to be Value Free? Social facts exist externally and independently of any individual's beliefs or values. Social Scientists can describe how these social facts objectively cause patterns of behaviour without having to give their subjective opinion or interpretation
What is an evaluation of Social Facts allowing Sociology to be Value Free? An interactionist would argue society is actually made up of social constructs, the beliefs and assumptions of people, not social facts
According to Durkheim, how does the Hypothetico-deductive Model allow Sociology to be Value Free? The model validates the objective truth of theories regardless of any individual's subjective opinion. Quantitative research can objectively track patterns and trends with little opportunity for the researchers' subjective opinions to affect the data
What is an evaluation of the Hypothetico-deductive Model allowing Sociology to be Value Free? An interpretivist would argue the Grounded Induction Theory is actually a better method of studying society
According to the Interactionist, Weber, what is Value Relevance? Researchers inevitably choose topics that are subjectively important to them, but they should remain value neutral in the gathering and presentation of data
What is an evaluation of Value Relevance? Researchers do not choose topics based on their own subjective importance, rather they choose based on funding and opportunity
Name three evaluations of Value Freedom Legitimises Harm (Not calling out abusers implies the abusers are not wrong), Impossible (Personal experiences make it impossible to be value free), Commitment Required to Study Society (Need to express opinions to gain rapport)
According to the New Right thinker, Marsland, how is Sociology Biased Against Business, and actually an Enemy Within? Sociology had become left-wing propaganda to promote anti tradition and anti business ideologies. Sociologists exaggerate the harms of capitalism due to their own jealousy and laziness. Teachers were encouraged to indoctrinate students
What is an evaluation of Biased Against Business/The Enemy Within? Outdated: Modern Sociology teaches about functionalism and the new right, not just left-wing perspectives
According to the Feminist, Oakley, how does Malestream Sociology cause Sociology to not be Value Free? Sociology was created to benefit men and justify gender inequality. Sociologists need to empathise with the female experience to understand society. Research should advocate for women making subjective opinions about the unfairness of gender inequality
What is an evaluation of Malestream Sociology causing Sociology to not be Value Free? A Marxist would argue that sociology actually benefits the bourgeoisie, not men
According to the Marxist, Gouldner, how is Value Freedom a Myth? Sociologists pretend to be neutral and objective when they are actually morally indifferent. Their research provides academic legitimacy to subjective and harmful biases of the highest bidder, called Paymasters
What is an evaluation of the Myth of Value Freedom? Many sociologists, such as Oakley, didn't do their research for the funding. Oakley was even mocked for choosing to study housewives
According to the Interactionist, Becker, why should Sociologists Support the Underdog rather than be Value Free? Sociologists have a responsibility to make subjective value judgements that support the disadvantaged. Neutrality implies support for the status quo. Sociologists are the only group able to provide a legitimate voice for the underdogs
What is an evaluation of Support the Underdogs? Marsland would argue that sociologists that support the underdogs are just criticising capitalism and society because they are jealous of people with high wealth and status and too lazy to achieve that status and wealth themselves
Name three evaluations of being Value Committed Loss of Objectivity, Loss of Influence (By taking sides, sociologists risk losing influence over public opinion and policy), Neglect Broader Perspectives (Taking a side prevents sociologists from appreciating the range of perspectives available)
Created by: Skyelark
 

 



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