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Chemical bonding

TermDefinition
Potential energy energy stored in a substance due to its strucure and composition
Chemical stability The lower the potential energy the greater the stability of the substance
Chemical bond A force of attraction that holds atoms together to form molecules
Chemical bonding involves the rearrangement of ______ electrons in order to obtain a perfect _____ or noble gas configuration Valence, Octet
Elements gain ____, lose electron, or _____ electrons when forming a chemical bond. Electrons, Share
What happens when a chemical bond is formed Energy is released, making the substance more stable (Exothermic)
What happens when a chemical bond is broken Energy is absorbed (Endothermic)
What is BARF Break Absorb Release Form
Ionization energy The amount of energy need to remove the most loosely bound valence electron from an atom
Electronegativty The ability of an atom to attract electrons
Metals - Little amount of valence electrons - Low ionization energy - Low electronegativity - Form positive ions by losing electrons
Non-Metals - Many valence electrons - High ionization energies - High electronegativity - Form negative ions by gaining electrons
Ionic bonds The transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non metal atom due to large differences in electronegativites
Covalent bonds The sharing of electrons between two non-metal atoms. Can be either polar or non polar. each atom donates one electron to the shared pair
Polar covalent bonds An uneven sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativites, creating a bond with partially charged ends
Nonpolar covalent bonds An even sharing of electrons, no partial charges
bond polartity the polarity of one indivisual bond within a molecule, based on electronegativites
Nonpolar molecules have no overall net charges, the indivisual polarities cancel out
Created by: 29wernera
 

 



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