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chapter 25

QuestionAnswer
Long Telegram "World communism is like a malignant parasite" George Kennan wrote. There could be no cooperation between the USSR and the USA
Cold War global political and ideological struggle between capitalist nations (led by USA) against communist nations (led by USSR)
Truman Doctrine "to support free peoples...resisting attempted subjugation ...by outside pressures" Became the cornerstone of US policy of containment of Soviet expansion
West Berlin German capital had been divided into communist and capitalist zones. Soviets initiated a ground blockade, cutting off rail and ground transport to a landlocked city in the Soviet occupation zone.
Marshall Plan European Recovery Program (ERP) designed to rebuild Western Europe, open markets and win European support for capitalist democracies.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) mutual defense pact between USA, Canada, England, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Portugal, Norway, Denmark, Iceland
NSC - 68 urged a "rapid build up of political, economic, and military strength" in order to roll back the Kremlin's drive for world domination"
Anti-Communism a movement to stop that saw evidence of an alleged vast Soviet conspiracy to infiltrate and subvert the U.S. Government
Cold War Christianity referred to a fundamental incompatibility between "godless communism" and God-fearing Americanism. Religious conservatives championed the traditional nuclear, God-fearing family as a bulwark against atheistic totalitarianism
Military Industrial Complex Eisenhower cautioned Americans against the"unwarranted influence" of a "permanent armaments industry of vast proportions" that could threaten "liberties" and "democratic processes"
Korean War Began when N. Korea, backed by Soviet Union & China, invaded S Korea. United Nations, led by General Douglas MacArthur, intervened to support S Korea, pushing N Korean forces back across Chinese border until China entered conflict, leading to stalemate.
French rule in Vietnam During WWII, nationalist Ho Chin Minh had been backed by the US during his anti-Japanese insurgency. After the war the former colonial power attempted to reassert themselves but were defeated in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in May 1954
Nuclear Arms Race Soviet scientists successfully tested an atom bomb in 1949. This unexpected success compelled to US and USSR to stockpile power weapons.
Space Race Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was launched into orbit in April 1961, American astronaut Alan Shepard followed in May.
Joseph McCarthy 1950s; Wisconsin senator "I have in my hand a list of 205...names known to the Secretary of State as being members of the communist party and who nevertheless are still working and shaping (U.S) policy"
McCarthyism symptom of massive and widespread anticommunist hysteria that engulfed Cold War America.
Alger Hiss A former State Department official who was accused of being a Communist spy and was convicted of perjury. The case was prosecuted by a young Congressman from California: Richard Nixon.
Rosenbergs Husband and wife accused of passing secret bomb-related documents to Soviet officials, were found guilty and executed
Global Independence Movements / Decolonization More than eighty countries achieved independence, primarily from European control.
Created by: user-1981550
 

 



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