Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Com. Dis. Q3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| speech sound disorder | difficulty of developing and using sounds of native language; errors in articulation of specific speech sounds; most prevalent among children |
| allophone | variations of a single phoneme |
| cognate | 2 phonemes that differ by only one characteristic (voice) |
| early 8 | mastered by age 3; m,n,j,n,w,d,p,h |
| middle 8 | mastered by age 4; t, ng, k,g,f,v, ch, j/g |
| late 8 | mastered by age 6.5; sh, th, s, z, delta, l, r, ezh |
| coarticulation | characteristics of phonemes vary according to context and how sounds overlap during articulation |
| assimilation | describe how the features of one sound take on the features of neighboring sounds |
| IPA | phonetic alphabet that describes and classifies each speech sound on the basis of how and where it is produced in the speech mechanism |
| phoneme collapse | child substitutes a single sound for multiple different target phonemes |
| homonymy | when a child's sound errors cause different words to sound the same |
| speech delay | children between 2 and 9 the exhibit developmental phonological impairment characterized by low intelligibility and high frequency of errors in speech production; unknown etiology |
| questionable residual errors | children between 6 and 9 who show subtle errors in speech; do not typically impact intelligibility |
| residual errors | children 9 years or older who persist in speech problems |
| unknown cause | most prevalent; most likely a genetic component |
| otitis media with effusion | ear infection |
| developmental apraxia | underlying problems with the motor and muscular processes associated with speech production |
| developmental psychosocial involvement | not a faulty phonological system but characteristics of child |
| special population | developmental disorders |
| cleft palate | favor nasals and glides; tend to use a lot of back sounds |
| defining characterisitcs | small phonetic inventory, phoneme collapse, target-substitution relationship, reduced intelligibility |
| phonological awareness | lack of sensitivity to the phonological components of spoken language |
| minimal opposition contrast therapy | trains children to recognize and produce phonemic contrasts between words that differ by only a single phoneme; helps children become aware of minimal differences |
| phonological intervention | minimal opposition contrast therapy, multiple oppositions therapy, cycles therapy, maximal oppositions therapy, phonological awareness therapy |
| stimutability | extent to which a child can produce a new sound or pattern when given some sort of assistance |
| fluency | descriptive term used to characterize the flow of speech during communication; appropriate rate, easy rhythm, smoothness, automaticity |
| dysfluency | speech disorder that disrupts the fluent forward flow of speech; pauses interjections, and revisions |
| prolongation | sound being held longer than normal |
| repetition | of words, syllables, or sounds |
| block | airflow and the articulatory movement is completely stopped during production of a sound |
| secondary characteristics | accompany core characteristics; mental and physical efforts to promote fluent speech; negative feelings and attitudes about speech; will do something physical to speak right |
| neurogenic stuttering | results from brain injury or neurological insult; accompanied by other disorders of communication |
| psychogenic stuttering | results from psychological trauma |
| within-word dysfluencies | affect the internal structure of the word |
| between-word dysfluencies | dysfluency does not affect the internal structure of the word |
| situational avoidance | individuals avoids circumstances in which stuttering is probable |
| stuttering modification | goal is to the help the person that stutters better manage the moment more effortlessly and less tensely |
| fluency shaping | goal is to the help the person that stutters produce fluent speech more often and can eradicate disfluencies completely |
| voice | dynamic, complex product of vocal fold vibration to vocalize and verbalize |
| frequency | rate of VF vibration expressed as cycles per second |
| intensity | physical measurement of sound pressure in decibels; determined by how far VF separate laterally and how quickly they come back together |
| phonatory quality | how well the VF work together |
| 3 characteristics of fundamental frequency | length, mass, tension |
| dysphonia | a voice disordered in some way |
| aphonia | absence of voice |
| diplophonia | VF is producing 2 pitches simultaneously |
| hypofunctioning | VF are under functioning and have inadequate tension; breathiness or hoarseness |
| hyperfunctioning | VF over tense and compress too tightly; voice is too loud, high, and strained |
Created by:
zoedinius