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Evolution part 2

QuestionAnswer
what were the five parts of Darwin's evidence 1. fossil record 2. geographical distribution (plate tectonics) 3. homologous structures 4. embryology 5. biochemistry
what is an archeopetrix the intermediate animal between dinosaurs and birds
what are homologous structures organisms with different mature forms but same embryo
embryology similarities in early development between certain organisms
vestigial organs when an organism doesn't need a body part anymore but it is still there
descent with modification all organisms living on earth today have descended from a different organism
macroevolution evolution above the species line
What are the 6 important parts of macroevolution adaptive radiation covergent evolution coevolution punctuated equillibrium developmental genes and body plans- HOX extinction
adaptive radiation when one species develops into several different
convergent evolution when different organisms undergo adaptive radiation in similar environments (results in analogous structures)
analogous structures when organisms in the wild have similar characteristics because they were in similar environments
coevolution two organisms that interact in the wild together evolve together
punctuated equilibrium a type of evolution theory that states that evolution is marked by points of equillibrium and then points of rapid change
gradualism the idea that evolution happens slow and steady
population a group that can interbreed
gene pool all the genes that exist in a different population
relative frequency the number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool
evolution is when the relative frequency is changed
genetic drift random change in allele frequency
founder affect genetic drift caused by migration
bottleneck population decreases significantly then rebounds
gene flow increases genetic variation
non-random mating promotes inbreeding and changes allele proportions
draw a picture of directional slection it should look like an original curve that is slightly offset from the new curve
draw a picture of stabilizing selection it should look like a curve that goes up in the middle and the outliers have been removed
draw a picture of disruptive selection it looks like two humps at the opposite sides of the spectrum
hardy Weinberg principle allele frequency remains constant in a population unless one or more factors change
genetic equillibrium when there is no evolution and the alleles are all stable
according to the Hardy-Weinburg prinicpal, what 5 conditions must be met to not have evolution 1. random mating 2. large population 3.no movement in or out of a population 4. no mutations 5. no natural selection
speciation the development of a new species
species a group that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
four factors involved in speciation 1 reproductive isolation 2 behavioral isolation 3 geographic isolation 4 temporal isolation
what are A and B on the speciation graph over reproduction that then results in environmental limits because there are too many babies
what are C and D on the speciation graph competition because of the overpopulation and lack of food, shelter, etc;... and then the evolution starts to happen because you have animals that have different traits to begin with (mutations and natural variation)
what are E and F on the speciation graph (that lead to G which is speciation natural selection based on the difference in traits and also due to a changing environment leads ultimately to G which is speciation!!!!
Created by: I'mtheAlpha
 

 



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