Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIOL 1102 Exam Two
Temperature Regulation and Water Balance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What can temperature increase | molecular motion and the rate of reactions |
| What happens to proteins at high temperatures | proteins are denatured |
| What happens to membranes at low temperatures | membranes become more rigid |
| What happens to membranes at high temperatures | membranes become more leaky |
| What becomes a problem for larger organisms regarding metabolism | getting rid of heat |
| What becomes a problem for smaller organisms regarding metabolism | retaining heat |
| What kind of energy to endotherms rely on | metabolic energy and physiological mechanisms to regulate body temperature |
| How are endotherms' internal temperature | internal temperature can be very different from environmental temperature |
| What type of organisms are endotherms | mammals and birds |
| What kind of energy to ectotherms rely on | external sources to regulate body temperature |
| How are ectotherms' internal temperature | internal temperature matches environmental temperature |
| What type of organisms are ectotherms | reptiles, many fish, invertebrates |
| What are heterotherms | includes endotherms and ectotherms that sometimes act as the other |
| What happens to endotherms' temperature as environmental temperature increases? | endotherm temperature remains constant |
| What happens to exotherms' temperature as environmental temperature increases? | ectotherm temperature equilibrates to the environmental temperature |
| What happens to endotherms' metabolic rate as environmental temperature increases? | metabolic rate decreases until reaching a thermoneutral zone, then after thermoneutral zone metabolic rate increases |
| What happens to exotherms' metabolic rate as environmental temperature increases? | metabolic rate increases |
| What is a risk for endotherms at extreme temperatures? | maintaining body temperature can be energetically costly |
| What happens to body temperature for endotherms at the thermoneutral zone? | body temperature is regulated by passive mechanisms, such as heat loss |
| How does an endotherm expend energy below the lower critical temperature of the thermoneutral zone? | expends energy to product metabolic heat |
| How does an endotherm expend energy above the upper critical temperature of the thermoneutral zone? | expends energy to lose heat by panting or sweating |
| What does it mean when said hypertonic on the outside | concentrated solutes outside the cell, water moves out of the cell |
| What does it mean when said isotonic | equivalent solute concentration |
| What does it mean when said hypotonic on the outside? | dilute solutes outside, water moves into the cell |
| What is in the extracellular fluid | Lower K, Higher Na, lower proteins |
| What is in the intracellular fluid | Higher K, Lower Na, higher proteins |
| What happens when influx of water is placed in hypotonic solution | intracellular increase in pressure BUT not volume |
| What is water potential | quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another |
| What is the water potential of pure water | zero |
| What does it mean when water potential is negative | any solution with a water potential of less than zero has a tendency to take up water from pure water |
| How does solute potential work | adding solutes lowers the water potential; the higher the solute concentration, the lower the solute potential |
| How does pressure potential work | as plant takes up water, they cell, but cell walls provide resistance that produces pressure potential |
| What is osmotic pressure | pressure that must be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of water across a membrane |
| What is turgor pressure | osmotic pressure within the plant cells that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall (pressure keeps plant upright) |
| What happens if osmotic pressure is too high in an organism | can damage the cell, sometimes causing it to burst |
| What happens if osmotic pressure is too low in an organism | excessive dehydration, impairs a cell's metabolic function |
| What does hypoosmotic | lower solute concentration, higher free H2O concentration |
| What does hyperoscomotic | higher solute concentration, lower free H2O concentration |
Created by:
goldengalleon