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Waves

QuestionAnswer
Wave a disturbance that transfers energy through a medium or space.
Vibration the repeated back‑and‑forth motion of an object around its rest position.
medium a substance or material through which a wave can travel through
mechanical wave moving disturbance that transfers energy through a material medium, such as air, water, or a solid.
electromagnetic wave a moving disturbance of electric and magnetic fields that carries energy and can travel through empty space.
crest the highest point of the wave above its rest position.
trough the lowest point of the wave below its rest position.
amplitude the maximum distance a point on a wave moves away from its rest (equilibrium) position.
wavelength the distance between two identical points on a wave, such as from crest to crest or trough to trough
frequency the number of complete wave cycles that pass a point each second, measured in hertz
transverse wave a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave travels.
longitudinal wave a wave in which the particles of the medium move back and forth in the same direction that the wave travels.
surface wave a wave that travels along the boundary between two different media, with the particles near the surface moving in a combination of up‑and‑down and back‑and‑forth motion.
compression the region where particles are pushed close together, creating an area of higher density and pressure.
reflection the bouncing back of a wave when it hits a boundary or surface that it cannot pass through.
refraction the bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another because its speed changes.
diffraction the spreading out or bending of waves as they pass through an opening or around an obstacle.
interference the effect that occurs when two or more waves overlap in space and combine to form a new wave pattern.
standing wave a wave pattern that appears not to move through the medium because two waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere, creating fixed nodes and antinodes.
resonant wave a wave that oscillates with especially large amplitude because its frequency matches the natural frequency of the system.
Created by: user-2030952
 

 



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