click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
chapter 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| autism spectrum disorders involve myriad aberrant perceptual, cognitive, linguistic and social behaviors | ASD, autism spectrum disorder |
| schizophrenia | a severe mental disorder in breaking down in the relationship between thought, emotion, and behavior often leading to a loss if contact with reality |
| echolalia | the reputation of words or phrases |
| psychoanalytic | a therapeutic approach and theory focusing on how the unconscious mind, easy childhood experiences, and repressed emotions shape personality and behavior |
| Neurological Basis of autism spectrum disorders | children and adults with ASD have neurological deficits in several areas of the brain |
| neuronal under connectivity | disrupts the cells ability to communicate with each other |
| frontal lobe | responsible for executive functioning and the back of the brain |
| occipital lobes | responsible for visual perceptual processing |
| intestine microflora brain biases of autism spectrum disorders | an emerging area of research into casual mechanisms of autism involves microflora, especially bacteria, living in intestines |
| Hereditary basis of autism spectrum disorders | sporadic genetic mutations are involved in some cases |
| Environmental toxins | attention deficit, adhd, deficit hyperactivity disorder, and ASD |
| autistic regression | loss of acquiring skills like language, motor, or self care |
| joint attention | two individuals attend to an object with the purpose of sharing an interaction with each other |
| communicative intent | desire to communicate for social purposes |
| pragmatics | social use of language |
| hidden curriculum | dos or don'ts of everyday living that most people learn incidentally or with very little instruction from others, behaviors or acting some of us take fro granted |
| camouflaging | a person who has atypical behaviors attempts to conform to behaviors exhibited by the larger society |
| stereotype motor or verbal behaviors | repetitive, ritualistic, motor behaviors such as twirling, spinning objects, flapping hands, and rocking similar or evident to those who are blind |
| autism syndrome | serious developmental delays in overall social and intellectual functioning, remarkable skills or talents, which involve preoccupation with memorization of facts |
| synesthesia | stimulation of one sensory or cognitive system results in the stimulation of another sensory or cognitive system |
| Executive funcitoning | EF, usually even more impaired in people with autism disorders, ability to plan ahead in a thoughtful way is sabotaged by their problems with working memory, flexibility, or control over behavioral inhibition |
| central coherence | natural inclination for most people to bring order and meaning to information in their environment by perceiving it as a meaningful whole rather than as diseparate parts |
| theory of mind | ToM, a persons ability to take the perspective of other people |
| applied behavior analysis | ABA, highly structured approach that focuses on teaching functional skills and continuous assessment progress |
| functional behavioral assessment | FBA, determining consequences ante cedes and setting events that maintain such behaviors as helping or eliminating behaviors |
| positive behavioral and support | PBIS, help reduce or eliminate behaviors |
| pivotal response treatment | PRT, assumption that some skills are critical or pivotal for function in other areas |
| picture exchange communication system | PECS, a structured combination program designed for autism, limited speech, teaching them to innate communication by exchanging picture symbols for desired items |
| early intensive behavioral intervention | EIBI, program time commitments from therapist and parents in implementing very structured training on discrete skills, starting when children are about 2 or 3 years old |
| person centered planning | the person with the disability is encouraged to make their own decisions as much as possible |
| community residential facilities and supportive living | settings such as their own homes or apartments |
| competitive employment or supported competitive employment | the goal for work settings for people with autism to be in |