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Post-WWII and Early
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the Cold War? | The Cold War was a period of political and military tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their allies after World War II without direct large-scale fighting between them. |
| What type of superpower did the United States become after WWII? | The U.S. became both an economic superpower and a military superpower. |
| What political and economic ideas did the United States support? | The United States supported: Democracy Capitalism Individual freedoms |
| What system of government did the Soviet Union operate under? | The Soviet Union operated under communism and socialism with a totalitarian government. |
| What freedoms were limited in the Soviet Union? | The Soviet Union limited: 2 Freedom of speech Freedom of religion Freedom to protest the government |
| What is democracy? | Democracy is a system of government where citizens elect representatives to make decisions. |
| What is capitalism? | Capitalism is an economic system where: Businesses are privately owned Market competition determines prices and production. |
| What is communism? | Communism is a system where: The government controls the economy There is one political party Private property does not exist. |
| What is socialism? | Socialism is an economic system where the government owns or controls the means of production and distribution. |
| What condition was Europe in after WWII? | Europe was devastated: Countries were bankrupt Factories and farms were destroyed Millions of people were displaced. |
| What is internationalism? | Internationalism is the idea that countries should cooperate politically and economically. |
| What was the Marshall Plan? | The Marshall Plan was a U.S. program that provided financial aid to rebuild Western Europe after WWII. |
| How much aid did the Marshall Plan provide? | About $15 billion in aid. |
| Name countries that benefited from the Marshall Plan. | Examples include: Great Britain France West Germany Luxembourg Belgium |
| How did the Marshall Plan help the United States? | It created jobs by increasing demand for American products and equipment. |
| What was the Iron Curtain? | The Iron Curtain was a political and ideological barrier dividing communist Eastern Europe from democratic Western Europe. |
| What was the Berlin Airlift? | The Berlin Airlift was when the United States and Britain flew supplies into West Berlin after the Soviet Union blocked land routes. |
| What is a sphere of influence? | A sphere of influence is a region where a powerful country has political or economic control. |
| Which countries were influenced by the United States? | Examples include: Western Europe Canada Australia New Zealand |
| Which countries were influenced by the Soviet Union? | Examples include: Poland East Germany Ukraine Lithuania Estonia Latvia |
| What was containment? | Containment was a U.S. policy to stop the spread of communism. |
| What was the Truman Doctrine? | The Truman Doctrine was the policy that the U.S. would support countries threatened by communism. |
| What is an insurrection? | An insurrection is a violent uprising against a government. |
| What international financial organizations were created after WWII? | World Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF) |
| What is the purpose of the World Bank? | To provide loans for economic development. |
| What is the purpose of the IMF? | To stabilize international financial systems. |
| 27. What is the United Nations? | The United Nations is an international organization created to maintain world peace and security. |
| 28. What was NATO? | NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a military alliance formed in 1949 for collective defense. |
| 29. Why was NATO formed? | To protect Western countries from Soviet aggression. |
| 30. What was the Warsaw Pact? | The Warsaw Pact was a military alliance between the Soviet Union and Eastern European |
| 31. When was the Warsaw Pact formed? | 1955. |
| 32. What happened during the Suez Canal Crisis? | Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt to control the Suez Canal, but Egypt successfully defended it. |
| 33. How was Korea divided after WWII? | North Korea → Communist (Soviet influence) South Korea → Democratic (U.S. influence) |
| 34. What started the Korean War? | North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950. |
| 35. Who supported North Korea? | China Soviet Union |
| 36. Who supported South Korea? | United States United Nations |
| 37. Who led the U.S. military forces in Korea? | General Douglas MacArthur. |
| 40. How many Americans died in the Korean War? | About 36,000 soldiers. |
| 41. How many Koreans died in the war? | About 4 million soldiers and civilians. |
| 42. What is the FBI? | The Federal Bureau of Investigation is the U.S. domestic intelligence and law enforcement agency. |
| 43. Who was the long-time FBI director during the Cold War? | J. Edgar Hoover. |
| 44. What is the CIA? | The Central Intelligence Agency collects foreign intelligence and conducts espionage. |
| 45. What happened during the U-2 Incident? | A U.S. spy plane was shot down over Soviet airspace in 1960, causing tensions. |
| 46. What was the Baby Boom? | A major increase in births in the United States from 1946–1964. |
| 47. How many babies were born during the Baby Boom? | About 70 million children. |
| 49. What was the Federal Highway Act? | A law signed by President Eisenhower in 1956 to build the Interstate Highway System. |
| 50. How many miles of highways were built? | About 41,000 miles. |
| 51. What are suburbs? | Residential communities located outside major cities. |
| 53. What is counterculture? | A movement that rejects traditional social norms and values. |
| What was HUAC? | The House Un-American Activities Committee, which investigated suspected communists. |
| What was McCarthyism? | The practice of accusing people of communism without strong evidence. |
| What is a blacklist? | A list of people who were banned from jobs because of suspected communist ties. |
| Who were the Rosenbergs? | Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of spying for the Soviet Union and giving nuclear secrets. |
| What happened to the Rosenbergs? | They were executed in 1953. |
| When did the Soviet Union develop its first nuclear weapon? | 1949. |
| What was the nuclear arms race? | A competition between the United States and Soviet Union to build nuclear weapons. |
| What achievements did the Soviet Union accomplish in space? | They launched: The first satellite The first dog in space The first human in space. |
| What goal did the United States set in response? | To land a human on the Moon. |
| Who were the astronauts who walked on the Moon? | Neil Armstrong Buzz Aldrin. |
| Why was the Berlin Wall built? | To stop people from escaping East Berlin to West Berlin. |
| Who was President of the United States during the Berlin Wall crisis? | President John F. Kennedy. |
| Who was the communist leader of Cuba? | Fidel Castro. |
| What was the Bay of Pigs invasion? | A failed U.S.-supported attempt to overthrow Castro in 1961. |
| What caused the Cuban Missile Crisis? | The discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. |
| How was the crisis resolved? | The Soviet Union removed missiles and the U.S. agreed not to invade Cuba. |
| When was President Kennedy assassinated? | November 22, 1963. |
| Where was he assassinated? | Dallas, Texas. |
| Who assassinated him? | Lee Harvey Oswald. |
Created by:
yehiazeidan11