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Chapter 7 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientists believe phytochemicals have the potential to help us: | Treat or prevent diseases. |
| True or False: The Industrial Revolution had almost no effect on the Earth's atmosphere. | False |
| According to the data, what percentage of the world's primates are threatened with extinction? | 62% |
| Compared to the "natural background rate," how fast do scientists estimate species are going extinct today? | At least many times faster |
| Which of these is the best definition for an "Endangered Species"? | A species in immediate danger of becoming extinct. |
| True or False: Many wild species are expected to disappear by the end of this century. | True |
| When did global extinction rates and environmental changes begin to rise significantly? | After the Industrial Revolution |
| True or False: Nature is a major source of ingredients for the medicine we use today. | True |
| True or False: There are thousands of known phytochemicals that scientists are studying. | True |
| What is a "Threatened Species"? | A species likely to become endangered in the near future. |
| Many of our modern medicines have been derived from discoveries made by: | Bioprospectors |
| What does the phrase "Not in my backyard!" usually mean? | People support a project but don't want it built near them. |
| True or False: Bioprospecting only happens in the desert. | False |
| True or False: An endangered species is in less danger than a threatened species. | False |
| What is the main job of a "Bioprospector"? | Searching nature for plants or organisms that can be used for medicine. |
| True or False: The "natural background rate" refers to how fast species went extinct before humans had a big impact. | True |
| True or False: The term "Not in my backyard" is often used when discussing where to put things like waste facilities. | True |
| True or False: More than half of the world's monkeys and apes (primates) are currently at risk of extinction. | True |
| Phytochemicals are special chemicals found in: | Plants |
| True or False: Extinction rates have stayed exactly the same for the last 500 years. | False |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the "H" stand for? | Habitat destruction and fragmentation |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the "I" stand for? | Invasive species |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the first "P" stand for? | Population growth (human) |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the second "P" stand for? | Pollution |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the "C" stand for? | Climate change |
| In the HIPPCO acronym, what does the "O" stand for? | Overexploitation |
| In which U.S. state are Burmese Pythons a massive invasive threat? | Florida |
| What is the "Jumping Carp" more commonly known as? | Copi |
| What is a key characteristic of invasive species? | They lack natural predators or competitors in their new environment. |
| Which is a direct consequence of human population growth? | Increased demand for natural resources. |
| What does overexploitation refer to? | The unsustainable harvesting of natural resources. |
| Which of the following is a way to reduce habitat destruction? | Establishing protected areas |
| Which region quit importing 24 kinds of solid waste, leaving many other countries with nowhere to ship their waste? | China |
| Which region has the Clean Air Act? | United States |
| True or False: The population of the world has declined over the last 100 years. | False |
| True or False: The ocean is often overfished to feed people. | True |
| True or False: Better medical care has contributed to the human population increase. | True |
| One invasive species found here in Oklahoma is: | All 3 (Wild Boar, Eastern Red Cedar, Zebra Mussels) |
| Why is the genetic diversity stored in the Seed Vault important? | It is raw material needed by plant breeders to develop new varieties for future food production. |
| What is the significance of external signals like seasons, temperature, and humidity for animals in the wild? | They cue their reproductive cycles |
| Why is maintaining genetic diversity important in captive breeding programs? | To avoid inbreeding and reduce the risk of disease or harmful mutations |
| This treaty specifically links the protection of biodiversity to the traditional rights of indigenous peoples. | Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) |
| This treaty specifically restricts the commercial trade of exactly 931 species because they are in danger of extinction. | CITES |
| This agreement has been formally approved (ratified) by 196 different countries. | Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) |
| Where is the Svalbard Global Seed Vault located? | Deep inside a permafrost mountain close to the North Pole |
| This agreement was first embodied in 1975 to ban the international trade of threatened species. | CITES |
| This U.S. law allows for fines as high as $100,000 and one year in prison for offenses committed on private lands. | Endangered Species Act (ESA) |
| What percentage of the Osage people was lost in an 80-year period? | 90% |
| This treaty provides protection for approximately 35,000 species of plants and animals. | CITES |
| Approximately how many varieties of barley are in the Seed Vault? | 140,000 |
| Where did the effort to save the buffalo (bison) begin? | The Bronx Zoo (New York City) |
| What did the Osage people use the buffalo for? | Food, tools, clothing, and shelter |
| This law requires all commercial wildlife shipments to enter or leave the country through one of 18 designated ports. | Endangered Species Act (ESA) |
| What was the major challenge the Bronx Zoo faced in creating a bison herd for restoration? | Difficulty acquiring bison of conservation value (genetically pure) |
| What are the three ongoing cycles mentioned that create a patchwork mosaic of different habitats within the prairie? | Wallowing, grazing, and fire |
| What tool do zoos use to keep track of the genetic lineage of captive animals? | Stud books |
| What was the primary reason the American government drove the bison to near extinction? | To control indigenous tribes who relied on bison |
| What is the primary purpose of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault? | To serve as a backup for the world's gene banks, safeguarding agricultural diversity against catastrophes. |
| What is one benefit of studying animals in captive breeding programs? | Scientists can study behaviors and genetics in controlled settings |
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