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MT Ch 9D
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hypersensitivities | heightened immune response |
| immunodeficiencies | depressed responses |
| autoimmunity | the immune system fails to recognize its own tissue |
| hematology | studies blood |
| hematologist | one who studies blood |
| allergy and immunology | disorders of the immune system |
| allergists and immunologists | physicians who specialize in the combined branches of disorders of the immune system |
| anemia | deficiency in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin within the red blood cells |
| hypochromia | deficiency in the amount of hemoglobin within red blood cells |
| hemoglobinopathy | defective hemoglobin molecule |
| hemolyze | fragile, easy to break apart |
| sickle cell crisis | severe pain due to tissues distal to the blockage undergoing ichemia |
| aplastic | associated with bone marrow failure |
| folic-acid deficiency anemia | inability to produce sufficient red blood cells because of a lack of folic acid |
| hemolytic | destruction of RBCs |
| iron-deficiency | lack of sufficient iron in RBCs |
| pernicious anemia (PA) | chronic, progressive anemia found in people mostly older than fifty, resulting from a lack of vitamin B12 |
| sickle cell anemia | inherited anemia that causes RBCs to become crescent- or sickle-shaped when oxygen levels are low |
| allergy | acquired abnormal immune respone |
| sensitization | initial exposure |
| antigen | allergen |
| indurated | hardened |
| immunotherapy/biotherapy | allergy shots |
| autoantigens | antigens found on cells and tissues |
| autoimmune disease | when the immune system fails to accurately differentiate foreign antigens from the body's own antigens |
| autoantibodies | the immune system produces them directed at one or more of the cells or tissues until they are destroyed |
| multisytemic | disorders that affect many organs and systems |
| exacerbatons | flare ups |
| remissions | latencies |
| oncology | cancer doctors |
| leukemia | oncological disorder of blood and blood forming organs |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus hat destroys the helper T cells |
| coagulation disorders | any disruption or impairment in the ability to form blood clots or control bleeding |
| disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | abnormal blood clotting in small vessels throughout the body that cuts off the supply of oxygen to distal tissues |
| hemophilia | congenital hereditary disorder characterized by a deficiency in clotting, causing prolonged bleeding, also called bleeding disease |
| throbocytopenia | abnormal decrease in platelets caused by low production of platelets or their increased destructtion |
| graft rejection | process in which a recipient's immune system identifies the transplanted graft as foreign and attacks it |
| graft v host disease | complication that occurs following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the transplant produces antibodies against the recipient's organss |
| heoblobinopathy | any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule |
| infectious mononucleosis | acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein Barr virus, aka mono or the kissing disease |
| Kaposi sarcoma | cancer caused by herpes, mainly affects skin |
| lymphedema | swelling resulting from an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstructions or disease in the lymph vessels |
| lymphoma | any malignancy involving lymphocytes |
| hodgkin | malignancy of B cells that occurs in lymph nodes of the neck or chest and may spread to nearby lymph nodes |
| non-Hodgkin | any malignancy of B, T, or NK cells that does not involve Reed-Sternberg cells |
| multiple myeloma | malignancy of the bone marrow that affects plasma cells |
| sepsis | presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood aka blood poisoning |
| systemic lupus erythematosus | widespread autoimmune disease that affects the skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation |
| thrombocythemia | overproduction of platelets, leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders as a result of platelets malformations |
| antinuclear antibody (ANA) | test that identifies the antibodies that attack the nucleus of the individual's own body cells |
| blood culture | test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream |
| complete blood count (CBC) | series of tests that includes hemoglobin, hematocrit, red and white blood cell counts, platelet count, and differential count |
| monospot | nonspecific repaid serological test for the presence of a heterophile antibody |
| partial thromboplastin time | screening test for deficiencies in clotting factors by measuring the length of tie it takes blood to clot |
| prothrombin time (PT) | test used to detect and diagnose bleeding disorders or excessive clotting disorders |
| bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging | highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and one marrow |
| lymphangiography | visualization of lymph channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockages or other pathologies |
| lymphoscintigraphy | introduction of a radioactive tracer into the lymph channels to determine lymph flow, identify obstructions, and locate sentinel node |
| bone marrow aspiration | removal of bone marrow for microscopic examination using a thin aspirating needle |
| bone marrow transplant | infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after destroying the diseased bone marrow |
| lymphadenectomy | removal of lymph nodes in an effort to control the spread of cancer |
| sentinel node excision | removal of the fist node that receives drainage from cancer containing areas |
| immunotherapy | any form of treatment that alters the body;s own natural immune mechanisms to treat diseases |
| immunoglobulin therapy | treatment using antibody mixtures |
| plasmapheresis | dialysis procedure that removes and discard the patients plasma containing the autoantibodies responsible for tissue distruction |
| transfusion | infusion of blood or blood products from one person to another |
| ANA | anuclear antibody |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| PT | prothrombin time, physical therapyy |
| bone marrow aspiration | BMT |
| BMT | bone marrow transplant |
| plasmapheresis | something idk |
Created by:
tuckerea