(personal writing) e.g. bug, folks, job, kid, boss, get across

(academic or literary writing) e.g. germ, relatives, position, child, superior, communicate

conversational language – Is there dialect? Usually stable for long periods of time (ain’t, y’all, gonna, cool); slightly informal at times

highly informal (lit, bet, ghosted, hangry, cap)

the special language of a profession or group (lawyer talk, technical talk)

not material; representing a thought (pleasant tasting)

real or actual; specific, not general (sour tasting)

look, walk, sit, cry, throw, dog, boy

gaze, stride, slump, weep, hurl, black Labrador retriever, tall boy

dictionary meaning (wedding dress, law officer, public servant)

emotional meaning (wedding gown, cop, bureaucrat )

harsh sounding words (maggot, strike, raucous, grating)

pleasant sounding words (murmurous, shimmer, exude, umbrella)

sentence structure / word order

A sentence that has only one subject and one verb, e.g. Tom ate the rat.

A sentence made up of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses, e.g. Because Tom ate the rat, he died.

A sentence made up of two or more independent clauses. The clauses are joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or) or by a semi-colon, e.g. Tom ate the rat, and he died.

Compound-Complex Sentence

A sentence that contains two or more main clauses and one or more dependent clauses, e.g. Tom ate the rat when he was hungry, and he died.

a phrase or clause written as a sentence but lacking an element, as a subject or verb, that would enable it to function as an independent sentence, e.g. Talks to Tom.

occurs when two or more independent clauses are connected improperly, e.g. I love to write papers I would write one every day if I had the time. (a semicolon or ‘, and’ between ‘papers’ and ‘I’ would fix this error)

The subject comes before the predicate, e.g. Saskatoons grow in Saskatchewan.

The predicate comes before the subject, e.g. In Saskatchewan grow saskatoons.

The predicate is divided into two parts with the subject coming in the middle, e.g. In Saskatchewan saskatoons grow.

words sounds or ideas are used more than once to enhance rhythm and create emphasis

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Diction and Syntax

Question	Answer
Informal Diction	(personal writing) e.g. bug, folks, job, kid, boss, get across
Formal Diction	(academic or literary writing) e.g. germ, relatives, position, child, superior, communicate
Colloquial words	conversational language – Is there dialect? Usually stable for long periods of time (ain’t, y’all, gonna, cool); slightly informal at times
Slang	highly informal (lit, bet, ghosted, hangry, cap)
Jargon	the special language of a profession or group (lawyer talk, technical talk)
Abstract Words	not material; representing a thought (pleasant tasting)
Concrete Words	real or actual; specific, not general (sour tasting)
General	look, walk, sit, cry, throw, dog, boy
Specific	gaze, stride, slump, weep, hurl, black Labrador retriever, tall boy
Denotative Words	dictionary meaning (wedding dress, law officer, public servant)
Connotative words	emotional meaning (wedding gown, cop, bureaucrat )
Cacophonous words	harsh sounding words (maggot, strike, raucous, grating)
Euphonious words	pleasant sounding words (murmurous, shimmer, exude, umbrella)
Diction	word choice
Syntax	sentence structure / word order
Telegraphic	less than 5 words long
Short	5 words long
Medium	18 words long
Long	Over 30 words long
Declarative Sentence	Tom ate the rat.
Interrogative Sentence	Did Tom eat the rat?
Exclamatory sentence	Tom ate the rat!
Imperative Sentence	Eat the rat.
Simple Sentence	A sentence that has only one subject and one verb, e.g. Tom ate the rat.
Complex Sentence	A sentence made up of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses, e.g. Because Tom ate the rat, he died.
Compound Sentence	A sentence made up of two or more independent clauses. The clauses are joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or) or by a semi-colon, e.g. Tom ate the rat, and he died.
Compound-Complex Sentence	A sentence that contains two or more main clauses and one or more dependent clauses, e.g. Tom ate the rat when he was hungry, and he died.
Sentence Fragment	a phrase or clause written as a sentence but lacking an element, as a subject or verb, that would enable it to function as an independent sentence, e.g. Talks to Tom.
Run on Sentence	occurs when two or more independent clauses are connected improperly, e.g. I love to write papers I would write one every day if I had the time. (a semicolon or ‘, and’ between ‘papers’ and ‘I’ would fix this error)
Natural Order	The subject comes before the predicate, e.g. Saskatoons grow in Saskatchewan.
Inverted Order	The predicate comes before the subject, e.g. In Saskatchewan grow saskatoons.
Split Order	The predicate is divided into two parts with the subject coming in the middle, e.g. In Saskatchewan saskatoons grow.
Repetition	words sounds or ideas are used more than once to enhance rhythm and create emphasis

Created by: hh_8971

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