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Launch a new nation

American History unit

TermDefinition
George Washington an honest leader, a hero of the Revolution, and the first US president
electoral college a group of delegates, or electors, who represent the people's vote in choosing the president
Martha Washington George Washington's wife and the First Lady
precedent an action or a decision that later serves as an example
Judiciary Act of 1789 an act that created three levels of federal courts and defined their powers and relationships to the state courts
Alexander Hamilton the first secretary of the US Treasury who wanted to pay the nation's foreign debt immediately and gradually repay the full value of all bonds
national debt money owed by the US
bonds certificates that represent money
speculators people who buy items at low prices in hope that the value will rise
Thomas Jefferson the first secretary of state who thought that repaying the value of all bonds would cheat bondholders who had sold their bonds at low prices
loose construction the view that the federal government can take reasonable actions that the Constitution does not speciically forbid
strict construction the view that the federal government should do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do
Bank of the US the national bank
French Revolution a rebellion of the French people against the king that led to the creation of a republican government
Neutrality Proclamation a formal statement that the US would not take sides with any European countries who were at war
privateers private ships hired by a country to attack its enemies
Jay's Treaty an agreement that settled the disputes between the US and Britain in the early 1790s
Pinckney's Treaty an agreement that settled border and trade disputes with Spain
Little Turtle a Native American chief who fought against US forces in 1790
Battle of Fallen Timbers the battle that broke the strength of Native American forces in the Northwest Territory
Treaty of Greenville an agreement that gave the US right of entry to American Indian lands
Whiskey Rebellion an uprising in which some farmers refused to pay the whiskey tax
political parties groups that help elect people and shape politics
Federalist Party a political group that wanted a strong federal government and supported industry and trade
Democratic-Republican Party a political group that wanted to limit the federal government's powers
XYZ affair a French demand for $250,000 bribe and 512 million loan in exchange for a treaty
Alien and Sedition Acts laws meant to crush opposition to war that deprived people of the freedom to say and write what they believed
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions formal statements that argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional
John Adams Federalist president first elected in 1796 who lost the 1800 presidential election
Louisiana Purchase the purchase of Louisiana from France for $15 million, which roughly doubled the size of the US
Meriwether Lewis a former army captain chosed by Jefferson to lead an expedition to explore the lands of the Louisiana Purchase
William Clark co-leader of the western expedition
Sacagawea Shoshoe who helped the expedition by naming plants and gathering edible fruits and vegitables for the group
John Marshall a Federalist appointed by Adams to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Marbury v Madison a case that established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review
judicial review the Supreme Court's power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
 



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