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DATABASE - 1
Review of Database and SQL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system. | Database |
| is the entire environment used to manage and maintain the data | Database System (DBS) |
| The actual collection of data. | The Database (DB): |
| The software that provides the interface between the users/applications and the database. | Database Management System (DBMS): |
| The people and programs that interact with the system. | Database Users and Applications: |
| the raw, unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols. | Data |
| is processed, organized, structured, or presented data | Information |
| can provide security system. an provide an integrity system. can provide a recovery control system. Users can define the database through a Data Definition Language (DDL) | DBMS |
| What is SQL? | is a standard language used to communicate with databases. |
| is used to define, create, modify, and delete the structure of database objects such as tables, | Data Definition Language (DDL) |
| is used to insert, update, delete, and retrieve data inside database tables | Data Manipulation Language (DML) |
| manages database transactions to ensure data integrity. | Transaction Control Language (TCL) |
| is used to retrieve data from the database. | Data Query Language (DQL) |
| is used to control access and permissions in a database. | Data Control Language (DCL) |
| is a type of database that organizes data into tables (relations) consisting of rows and columns, and relationships between tables are established using keys. | Relational Database |
| Is a table in a relational database composed of rows (tuples) and columns (attributes). | Relation |
| is a column in a relation that represents a property or characteristic of an entity. | Attribute |
| is the set of all permissible values that an attribute can contain. | Domain |
| is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies each record (tuple) in a relation and cannot contain NULL values. | Primary Key |
| is the overall logical structure or design of a database, including tables, attributes, relationships, constraints, and other objects | Database Schema |
| are used to ensure accuracy and consistency of data in a relational database. | Integrity Constraints |
| What are the types of integrity constraints? | ⮚ Primary key Constraints ⮚ Unique Constraints ⮚ Foreign Key Constraints ⮚ Not Null Constraints ⮚ Check Constraints ⮚ Default |
| is a process of reducing data redundancy in a database. | Normalization |
| The different levels of normal forms: | 1. First Normal Form (1NF) 2. Second Normal Form (2NF) 3. Third Normal Form (3NF) |
| is a conceptual model for designing a databases. | Entity-Relationship Model (ER Model) |
| is a conceptual approach to designing databases by identifying the entities, attributes, and relationships between data objects. | Entity Relationship Modeling (ER Modeling) |
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